Biomechanics and Functional Morphology Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal.
Volkswagen Autoeuropa-Industrial Engineering & Lean Management, Quinta da Marquesa, 2954-024 Palmela, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 10;18(24):13062. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413062.
To determine the short-term associations between biomechanical risk factors and musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper limbs and low back in an automotive company, a longitudinal study with a follow-up of 4 days was conducted in a sample of 228 workers of the assembly and paint areas. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations, calculating the crude and adjusted model for age, sex, seniority, and intensity of pain at baseline. The interactions found were the same for both models. Workers were divided in low-risk and high-risk group for posture, force, exposure, percentage of cycle time with the arm at/above shoulder level, and with the trunk flexed or/and strongly flexed. The predictive factors showed by time × group effect were found between pain intensity on the left shoulder for posture (β = 0.221, < 0.001), percentage of time with the trunk flexed (β = 0.136, = 0.030) and overall exposure (β = 0.140, = 0.013). A time × group interactions were observed, namely between neck pain and posture (β = 0.218, = 0.005) and right wrist and force (β = 0.107, = 0.044). Workers in the high-risk group were more prone to report unfavorable effects on their self-reported musculoskeletal pain, across a workweek when exposed to specific risk factor, being posture important to neck, right wrist and left shoulder pain.
为了确定汽车制造公司中上肢和下背部肌肉骨骼症状与生物力学风险因素之间的短期关联，对装配和喷涂区的 228 名工人进行了为期 4 天的纵向研究，随访时间为 4 天。使用广义估计方程对数据进行分析，为年龄、性别、工龄和基线疼痛强度计算了原始模型和调整模型。两个模型都发现了相同的交互作用。根据姿势、力量、暴露、手臂处于/高于肩部水平的周期时间百分比和躯干弯曲或/和强烈弯曲的时间百分比，将工人分为低风险和高风险组。时间×组效应显示的预测因素包括左肩疼痛强度与姿势（β=0.221，<0.001）、躯干弯曲时间百分比（β=0.136，=0.030）和总体暴露（β=0.140，=0.013）之间存在显著相关性。还观察到时间×组交互作用，即颈部疼痛与姿势（β=0.218，=0.005）和右手腕疼痛与力量（β=0.107，=0.044）之间存在显著相关性。在暴露于特定风险因素的情况下，高风险组工人更有可能在整个工作周内报告肌肉骨骼疼痛不利影响，姿势对颈部、右手腕和左肩疼痛有重要影响。
