School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 15;18(24):13228. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413228.
The purpose of this study was to examine changes in physical activity (PA) and recreational screen time (RST) behaviors from pre-COVID-19 in 2018 to Spring 2020 during the mandatory stay-at-home order in an ethnically/racially, socioeconomically diverse sample of emerging adults.
Longitudinal data were analyzed from 218 participants ( = 24.6 ± 2.0 years) who completed two surveys: EAT 2018 (Eating and Activity over Time) and C-EAT in 2020 (during COVID-19). Repeated ANCOVAs and multiple linear regression models were conducted.
Moderate-to-vigorous and total PA decreased (4.7 ± 0.3 to 3.5 ± 0.3 h/week [ < 0.001] and 7.9 ± 0.4 to 5.8 ± 0.4 h/week [ < 0.001], respectively), and RST increased from 26.5 ± 0.9 to 29.4 ± 0.8 h/week ( = 0.003). Perceived lack of neighborhood safety, ethnic/racial minoritized identities, and low socioeconomic status were significant predictors of lower PA and higher RST during COVID-19. For example, low SES was associated with 4.04 fewer hours of total PA compared to high SES ( < 0.001).
Stay-at-home policies may have significantly influenced PA and RST levels in emerging adults with pre-existing disparities exacerbated during this mandatory period of sheltering-in-place. This suggests that the pandemic may have played a role in introducing or magnifying these disparities. Post-pandemic interventions will be needed to reverse trends in PA and RST, with a focus on improving neighborhood safety and meeting the needs of low socioeconomic and ethnic/racial minoritized groups.
本研究旨在考察在强制性居家令期间，种族/民族、社会经济多样化的新兴成年人群体中，2018 年 COVID-19 前与 2020 年春季期间，身体活动（PA）和娱乐性屏幕时间（RST）行为的变化。
对 218 名参与者（年龄为 24.6 ± 2.0 岁）进行了纵向数据分析，他们完成了两项调查：EAT 2018（饮食与时间）和 C-EAT 2020（COVID-19 期间）。采用重复方差分析和多元线性回归模型进行分析。
中度到剧烈的身体活动和总身体活动减少（4.7 ± 0.3 至 3.5 ± 0.3 h/周[<0.001]和 7.9 ± 0.4 至 5.8 ± 0.4 h/周[<0.001]），RST 从 26.5 ± 0.9 增加到 29.4 ± 0.8 h/周（=0.003）。感知到的邻里安全缺乏、少数民族裔身份和低社会经济地位是 COVID-19 期间 PA 较低和 RST 较高的显著预测因素。例如，与高 SES 相比，低 SES 与总 PA 减少 4.04 小时相关（<0.001）。
居家令政策可能对新兴成年人的 PA 和 RST 水平产生重大影响，在这段强制性居家期间，原有的差异进一步扩大。这表明大流行可能在引入或放大这些差异方面发挥了作用。需要在后大流行时期进行干预，以扭转 PA 和 RST 的趋势，重点是改善邻里安全并满足低社会经济和少数民族裔群体的需求。
