Paraná Federal Technological University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Department of Physical Education, Paraná Federal University, Centro Politécnico - Rua Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
J Occup Health. 2021 Jan;63(1):e12297. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12297.
Military personnel has a large prevalence of back pain, especially those involved in patrolling routines, as they wear heavy protective equipment. Patrolling includes long periods of sustaining the protective equipment in a sitting or in a motor vehicle (motorcycle or car). Thus, understanding spinal loading of military police officers after patrolling by car (CAR; n = 14), motorcycle (MOT; n = 14), and administrative (ADM; n = 14) routines is relevant to establish preventive strategies.
The torque of the trunk and working and anthropometric characteristics were assessed to explain spinal loading using stature variation measures. Precise stature measures were performed before and after a 6 h journey (LOSS) and 20 min after a resting posture (RECOV). The trunk extensor (PTE BM ) and flexor (PTF BM ) muscles' isometric peak torque were measured before the working journey.
The LOSS was similar between CAR and MOT (4.8 and 5.8 mm, respectively) after 6 h of patrolling. The ADM presented the lowest LOSS (2.8 mm; P < .05). No changes in RECOV between groups were observed (P > .05). Vibration may explain the greater spinal loading involved in patrolling in comparison to the ADM. A GLM analysis revealed that BMI was the only explanatory factor for stature loss. No independent variables explained RECOV. The ability of the trunk muscles to produce force did not influence LOSS or RECOV.
Military police officers involved in patrolling may require greater post-work periods and strategies designed to reduce the weight of the protective apparatus to dissipate spinal loading. The external load used in patrolling is a relevant spinal loading factor.
军人腰痛的发病率很高，尤其是那些参与巡逻任务的人，因为他们要穿戴厚重的防护装备。巡逻包括长时间坐在汽车（摩托车或汽车）中或穿着防护装备。因此，了解警察在执行汽车巡逻（CAR；n=14）、摩托车巡逻（MOT；n=14）和行政巡逻（ADM；n=14）后脊柱的受力情况对于制定预防策略是很重要的。
通过对躯干扭矩和工作以及人体测量特征进行评估，使用身高变化的指标来解释脊柱受力情况。在 6 小时的巡逻旅程前后（LOSS）和休息姿势后 20 分钟（RECOV），对精确的身高进行测量。在工作旅程前，测量躯干伸肌（PTE_BM）和屈肌（PTF_BM）的等长峰值扭矩。
在经过 6 小时的巡逻后，CAR 和 MOT 的 LOSS 相似（分别为 4.8 和 5.8mm）。ADM 的 LOSS 最低（2.8mm；P<.05）。各组之间在 RECOV 上没有变化（P>.05）。振动可能是巡逻时脊柱受力比行政巡逻更大的原因。GLM 分析显示，BMI 是身高损失的唯一解释因素。没有独立变量可以解释 RECOV。躯干肌肉产生力量的能力并不影响 LOSS 或 RECOV。
参与巡逻的警察可能需要更长的工作后时间，并需要设计策略来减轻防护装备的重量，以减轻脊柱受力。巡逻时使用的外部负荷是一个相关的脊柱受力因素。
