Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA.
Life Sci. 2022 Feb 1;290:120255. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120255. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
Although conventional cigarette smoking is declining, emerging tobacco related products (ETRPs) are currently gaining ground, especially among the youth. These products include electronic cigarettes, waterpipes/hookah, cigars/cigarillo, smokeless tobacco, and heat-not-burn cigarettes. The observed increase in the use of ETRPs is multifactorial and complex but appears to be mainly driven by efforts from the major tobacco companies to reinvent themselves, and present more appealing and allegedly safe(r) tobacco products. However, it is becoming apparent that these products produce substantial amounts of toxic chemicals, many of which have been shown to exert negative health effects, including in the context of the cardiovascular system. Thus, there has been research efforts, albeit limited in general, to characterize the health impact of these products on occlusive/thrombotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this review, we will discuss the potential impact of ETRPs on thrombosis-based CVD. Specifically, we will review how these products and the major chemicals they produce and/or emit can trigger key players in the process of thrombosis, namely inflammation, oxidative stress, platelets, coagulation, and the vascular endothelium, and the relationship between these effects.
虽然传统香烟的使用正在减少，但新兴的烟草相关产品（ETRPs）目前正在兴起，尤其是在年轻人中。这些产品包括电子烟、水烟/水烟袋、雪茄/小雪茄、无烟烟草和加热不燃烧香烟。观察到 ETRPs 使用的增加是多因素和复杂的，但似乎主要是由主要烟草公司努力重塑自我，并推出更具吸引力和据称更安全的烟草产品驱动的。然而，这些产品会产生大量有毒化学物质，其中许多化学物质已被证明会对健康产生负面影响，包括在心血管系统方面。因此，尽管一般来说研究工作有限，但仍在努力描述这些产品对闭塞/血栓性心血管疾病（CVD）的健康影响。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 ETRPs 对基于血栓形成的 CVD 的潜在影响。具体来说，我们将回顾这些产品以及它们产生和/或排放的主要化学物质如何触发血栓形成过程中的关键参与者，即炎症、氧化应激、血小板、凝血和血管内皮，以及这些效应之间的关系。
