Department of Orthopedics.
Anesthesiology.
Neuroreport. 2022 Jan 19;33(2):81-89. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000001757.
In this study, our objective was to investigate the underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective role of ginsenoside Rg1 in attenuating spinal cord injury (SCI).
A rat SCI model was established and treated with ginsenoside Rg1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2(Nrf2) inhibitor all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 were evaluated by Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scale, hematoxylin/eosin staining, ELISA assay, western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR).
Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated neuronal edema and bleeding in the injured spinal cord, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and cell necrosis, further repaired the injured spinal cord structure, improved BBB motor score in the SCI rat model and improved hind limb motor function. Meanwhile, ginsenoside Rg1 significantly increased the content of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and inhibited the production of oxidative marker malondialdehyde. In addition, ginsenoside Rg1also significantly inhibits the activities of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to reduce the inflammatory response after trauma. Furthermore, western blot and RT-qPCR also suggested that ginsenoside Rg1 could activate the protein expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) after SCI, and the inhibition of ATRA on these improvements further verified the neuroprotective effect of Nrf2 and HO-1 in ginsenoside Rg1 on SCI.
Ginsenoside Rg1 has a neuroprotective effect on SCI and can improve motor dysfunction caused by injury. The underlying mechanism may play antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effect by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
本研究旨在探讨人参皂苷 Rg1 减轻脊髓损伤（SCI）的神经保护作用的潜在机制。
建立大鼠 SCI 模型，并用人参皂苷 Rg1 和核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）抑制剂全反式视黄酸（ATRA）进行治疗。通过 Basso、Beattie 和 Bresnahan（BBB）评分、苏木精/伊红染色、ELISA 检测、Western blot 和实时定量 RT-PCR（RT-qPCR）评估人参皂苷 Rg1 的保护作用。
人参皂苷 Rg1 减轻了损伤脊髓中的神经元水肿和出血，减少了炎症细胞浸润和细胞坏死，进一步修复了损伤的脊髓结构，改善了 SCI 大鼠模型的 BBB 运动评分，改善了后肢运动功能。同时，人参皂苷 Rg1 显著增加了抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽的含量，并抑制了氧化标志物丙二醛的产生。此外，人参皂苷 Rg1 还显著抑制了肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）等炎症因子的活性，以减轻创伤后的炎症反应。此外，Western blot 和 RT-qPCR 还表明，人参皂苷 Rg1 可在 SCI 后激活 Nrf2 和血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）的蛋白表达，而 ATRA 对这些改善的抑制作用进一步验证了 Nrf2 和 HO-1 在人参皂苷 Rg1 对 SCI 中的神经保护作用。
人参皂苷 Rg1 对 SCI 具有神经保护作用，并可改善损伤引起的运动功能障碍。其潜在机制可能通过调节 Nrf2/HO-1 信号通路发挥抗氧化应激和抗炎作用。
