Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Dec 10;9:744514. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.744514. eCollection 2021.
Older adult quality of life (QoL) is facing huge challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. New normal lifestyle behaviors, including getting adequate physical activity (PA), consuming sufficient fruits and vegetables (FV) and enacting individual preventive behaviors (frequent hand washing, facemask wearing, and social distancing), as a significant determinant for QoL, have not been adequately addressed in older adults during the pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of QoL in Chinese older adults after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei China. The objective of the study was to examine any associations of lifestyle behaviors with QoL, and to identify the moderating role of socioeconomic indicators in the associations identified. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hubei, China, from June 15, 2020, to July 10, 2020. Five hundred sixteen older adults completed an online survey (mean age = 67.6 ± 6.6; 57.9% women). The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, covariates (chronic diseases and infected cases of acquaintances), lifestyle behaviors [PA stage, FV intake (FVI) stage and three preventive behaviors], and QoL. -tests, ANOVA tests, multiple linear regression models with simple slope analyses were used to test the hypotheses. QoL significantly differed in relation to economic situation, chronic diseases, marital status, education, living situation, age group, and professional status. Participants' economic situation ( = 0.17, < 0.01; = 0.15, < 0.01), chronic diseases ( = 0.19, < 0.001), FVI stage ( = 0.21, < 0.001), and preventive behaviors ( = 0.10, < 0.05) indicated a significant association with QoL. Education level and economic situation significantly interacted with preventive behaviors on QoL, respectively ( = -1.3, < 0.01; = -0.97, < 0.05). Findings emphasize the importance of enhancing FVI and preventive behaviors on QoL improvement in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults who are in a lower economic situation with lower education levels should be given priority when implementing interventions to improve preventive behaviors and QoL in older adults.
老年人的生活质量（QoL）在 COVID-19 大流行期间面临巨大挑战。新的正常生活方式行为，包括获得足够的身体活动（PA）、摄入足够的水果和蔬菜（FV）以及实施个人预防行为（勤洗手、戴口罩和保持社交距离），作为 QoL 的重要决定因素，在大流行期间并未在老年人中得到充分解决。本研究旨在调查中国湖北省 COVID-19 大流行第一波后老年人的 QoL 特征。研究目的是检查生活方式行为与 QoL 的任何关联，并确定社会经济指标在确定关联中的调节作用。 本研究于 2020 年 6 月 15 日至 7 月 10 日在中国湖北省进行了一项横断面研究。516 名老年人完成了在线调查（平均年龄=67.6±6.6；57.9%为女性）。问卷包括人口统计学信息、协变量（慢性病和熟人感染病例）、生活方式行为（PA 阶段、FV 摄入量（FVI）阶段和三种预防行为）和 QoL。使用 -检验、方差分析、简单斜率分析的多元线性回归模型来检验假设。 QoL 在经济状况、慢性病、婚姻状况、教育程度、生活状况、年龄组和职业状况方面存在显著差异。参与者的经济状况（=0.17，<0.01；=0.15，<0.01）、慢性病（=0.19，<0.001）、FVI 阶段（=0.21，<0.001）和预防行为（=0.10，<0.05）与 QoL 呈显著相关。教育程度和经济状况分别与预防行为对 QoL 的影响有显著的交互作用（=−1.3，<0.01；=−0.97，<0.05）。 研究结果强调了在 COVID-19 大流行期间，提高 FVI 和预防行为对老年人 QoL 改善的重要性。在实施干预措施以提高老年人的预防行为和 QoL 时，应优先考虑处于较低经济状况和较低教育水平的老年人。
