Wei Lu, John Martin Jerome Jeyakumar, Zhang Haiqing, Zhang Ruining, Cao Hongxing
Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China.
Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang 571339, China.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 29;10(12):2622. doi: 10.3390/plants10122622.
Oil palm crops are the most important determinant of the agricultural economy within the segment of oilseed crops. Oil palm growing in their natural habitats are often challenged simultaneously by multiple stress factors, both abiotic and biotic that limit crop productivity and are major constraints to meeting global food demands. The stress-tolerant oil palm crops that mitigate the effects of abiotic stresses on crop productivity are crucially needed to sustain agricultural production. Basal stem rot threatens the development of the industry, and the key to solving the problem is to breed new oil palm varieties resistant to adversity. This has created a need for genetic improvement which involves evaluation of germplasm, pest and disease resistance, earliness and shattering resistance, quality of oil, varieties for different climatic conditions, etc. In recent years, insights into physiology, molecular biology, and genetics have significantly enhanced our understanding of oil palm response towards such stimuli as well as the reason for varietal diversity in tolerance. In this review, we explore the research progress, existing problems, and prospects of oil palm stress resistance-based physiological mechanisms of stress tolerance as well as the genes and metabolic pathways that regulate stress response.
油棕作物是油料作物领域农业经济的最重要决定因素。生长在其自然栖息地的油棕常常同时受到多种非生物和生物胁迫因素的挑战，这些因素限制了作物产量，是满足全球粮食需求的主要制约因素。迫切需要培育出能减轻非生物胁迫对作物产量影响的耐胁迫油棕作物，以维持农业生产。基部茎腐病威胁着该产业的发展，解决这一问题的关键在于培育新的抗逆油棕品种。这就产生了对遗传改良的需求，包括种质评估、病虫害抗性、早熟性和抗脱粒性、油的品质、适合不同气候条件的品种等。近年来，对生理学、分子生物学和遗传学的深入了解显著增强了我们对油棕对这类刺激的反应以及耐受性品种多样性原因的认识。在本综述中，我们探讨了基于油棕抗逆生理机制的研究进展、存在的问题和前景，以及调节胁迫反应的基因和代谢途径。
