Yadav Rashmi, Kalia Sanjay, Rangan Parimalan, Pradheep K, Rao Govind Pratap, Kaur Vikender, Pandey Renu, Rai Vandna, Vasimalla Celia Chalam, Langyan Sapna, Sharma Sanjula, Thangavel Boopathi, Rana Virendra Singh, Vishwakarma Harinder, Shah Anshuman, Saxena Abhishek, Kumar Ashok, Singh Kuldeep, Siddique Kadambot H M
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 May 6;13:863521. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863521. eCollection 2022.
Climate change is shifting agricultural production, which could impact the economic and cultural contexts of the oilseed industry, including sesame. Environmental threats (biotic and abiotic stresses) affect sesame production and thus yield (especially oil content). However, few studies have investigated the genetic enhancement, quality improvement, or the underlying mechanisms of stress tolerance in sesame. This study reveals the challenges faced by farmers/researchers growing sesame crops and the potential genetic and genomic resources for addressing the threats, including: (1) developing sesame varieties that tolerate phyllody, root rot disease, and waterlogging; (2) investigating beneficial agro-morphological traits, such as determinate growth, prostrate habit, and delayed response to seed shattering; (3) using wild relatives of sesame for wide hybridization; and (4) advancing existing strategies to maintain sesame production under changing climatic conditions. Future research programs need to add technologies and develop the best research strategies for economic and sustainable development.
气候变化正在改变农业生产，这可能会影响包括芝麻在内的油籽行业的经济和文化背景。环境威胁（生物和非生物胁迫）会影响芝麻生产，进而影响产量（尤其是含油量）。然而，很少有研究调查芝麻的遗传改良、品质提升或胁迫耐受性的潜在机制。本研究揭示了种植芝麻作物的农民/研究人员所面临的挑战，以及应对这些威胁的潜在遗传和基因组资源，包括：（1）培育能耐受叶变绿病、根腐病和涝渍的芝麻品种；（2）研究有益的农艺形态性状，如有限生长、匍匐习性和对种子散落的延迟反应；（3）利用芝麻的野生近缘种进行远缘杂交；（4）推进现有策略以在不断变化的气候条件下维持芝麻生产。未来的研究项目需要增加技术并制定最佳研究策略以实现经济和可持续发展。
