Alishir Akida, Kim Ki Hyun
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 8;10(12):2702. doi: 10.3390/plants10122702.
(Ginkgoaceae), well-known as the oldest living plant species and often referred to as a "living fossil," is a famous medicinal plant that has been used in multiple countries to improve numerous illnesses, including anxiety, dementia, peripheral artery disease, and eye problems. We conducted a phytochemical exploration of fruit, commonly consumed as a functional food as part of an ongoing natural product chemical research for the discovery of bioactive phytochemicals with novel structures. The natural product chemical analysis of the methanol extract of fruit using column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography separation under the guidance of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis identified six phenylpropanoid glycosides (-), including one new compound, ginkgopanoside (). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and LC/MS analysis, and the absolute configuration of compound was established by chemical reactions followed by the application of Snatzke's method. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities of the isolated compounds - and the aglycone of were evaluated, and we found that compounds - exhibited antioxidant activities with IC values in the range 32.75-48.20 μM, while the aglycone exhibited greater radical scavenging activity (IC = 5.23 μM) comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC = 2.54 μM), a positive control, implying that the present of glucose may decrease the DPPH scavenging activity. These findings provide experimental information that the active phenylpropanoid glycosides could represent natural antioxidants for use in pharmaceuticals and functional foods.
银杏科作为现存最古老的植物物种，常被称为“活化石”，是一种著名的药用植物，在多个国家被用于治疗多种疾病，包括焦虑症、痴呆症、外周动脉疾病和眼部问题。我们对银杏果进行了植物化学探索，银杏果作为一种功能性食品被广泛食用，这是正在进行的天然产物化学研究的一部分，旨在发现具有新颖结构的生物活性植物化学物质。在基于液相色谱 - 质谱（LC/MS）分析的指导下，使用柱色谱和高效液相色谱分离法对银杏果甲醇提取物进行天然产物化学分析，鉴定出六种苯丙素苷（-），其中包括一种新化合物，银杏帕诺苷（）。通过核磁共振光谱数据和LC/MS分析阐明了分离化合物的结构，并通过化学反应并应用施纳茨克方法确定了化合物的绝对构型。评估了分离出的化合物 - 以及银杏帕诺苷苷元的2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼（DPPH）清除活性，我们发现化合物 - 表现出抗氧化活性，IC值在32.75 - 48.20 μM范围内，而苷元表现出更强的自由基清除活性（IC = 5.23 μM），与阳性对照抗坏血酸（IC = 2.54 μM）相当，这意味着葡萄糖的存在可能会降低DPPH清除活性。这些发现提供了实验信息，即活性苯丙素苷可能代表用于药物和功能性食品的天然抗氧化剂。
