Lee Yeong Seok, Lee Ga Hee, Kwon Young Se
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022 Oct;65(10):469-475. doi: 10.3345/cep.2021.00997. Epub 2021 Dec 27.
Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) are characterized by afebrile convulsions associated with viral gastroenteritis in previously healthy infants and children. The main causative pathogens are rotavirus and norovirus. CwG occurs frequently in both East Asian and Western countries. The prevalence of CwG was reportedly not decreased by the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, and the prevalence of norovirus-associated CwG has been increasing annually. Convulsions in CwG are usually clustered, do not last longer than 5 minutes, and are mostly generalized. Laboratory diagnostics, electroencephalography (EEG), and imaging findings are usually normal. There is a probability of mild, transient abnormal findings on EEG or imaging limited to the acute disease phase. Although several reports have suggested that pathogens that affect the central nervous system through direct or indirect mechanisms could be related to the pathophysiology of CwG, its mechanism is not fully understood. Several antiepileptic drugs are effective during convulsions; however, long-term antiepileptic treatment is not required as CwG usually has a good prognosis.
轻度胃肠炎伴良性惊厥（CwG）的特征是，既往健康的婴幼儿出现与病毒性胃肠炎相关的无热惊厥。主要致病病原体是轮状病毒和诺如病毒。CwG在东亚和西方国家均频繁发生。据报道，轮状病毒疫苗的引入并未降低CwG的患病率，且诺如病毒相关的CwG患病率每年都在上升。CwG中的惊厥通常成簇发作，持续时间不超过5分钟，且大多为全身性发作。实验室诊断、脑电图（EEG）和影像学检查结果通常正常。在急性疾病期，EEG或影像学检查可能会出现轻度、短暂的异常表现。尽管有几份报告表明，通过直接或间接机制影响中枢神经系统的病原体可能与CwG的病理生理学有关，但其机制尚未完全明确。几种抗癫痫药物在惊厥发作期间有效；然而，由于CwG通常预后良好，因此不需要长期抗癫痫治疗。
