Al Ferdaws Eye Hospital, Sharkia, Egypt.
Al Mashreq Eye Center, 102 El-Sayed El-Merghany St., Cairo, 11774, Egypt.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2021 Dec 27;21(1):445. doi: 10.1186/s12886-021-02193-x.
The third epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has majorly involved middle income countries in which tailored screening and local guidelines require development. The data regarding ROP prevalence and cutoff numbers for screening in Egypt are lacking.
Retrospective analysis of an independent screening effort spanning 2 years (February 2019 to February 2021) and involving 32 neonatal care units within Sharkia governorate, Egypt. Infants of gestational age (GA) ≤ 34 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) ≤ 2000 g were included, as well as those with unstable clinical course. Two eyecare centers located in Sharkia and Cairo governorates served as referral centers for any required interventions.
Of the 276 screened infants, 133 (48.2%) had some form of ROP that was bilateral in 127 (95.5%) of them. Aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP) was detected in both eyes of 24 infants (8.7%). The median (IQR) GA of infants with ROP was 32 (30-34) weeks, and the median (IQR) BW was 1600 (1350-2000) g. Sixty-three infants (47.4%) required treatment. Of the total 84 eyes that primarily were treated, 73 (86.9%) received intravitreal ranibizumab, 8 (9.5%) underwent laser ablation therapy, and 3 eyes (3.6%) underwent surgery. Recurrence rate was 16.7% (14 eyes). Final outcome was favorable in 83 eyes (98.8%). Applying the American Academy criteria would have led to the missing of 36.8% of infants with ROP and 28.6% of those requiring treatment in our sample.
The incidence of both ROP and AP-ROP in the Egyptian rural setting appears to be in the high end of global reported rates. Prevention measures should urgently be planned and implemented.
第三次早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）流行主要涉及中等收入国家，这些国家需要制定有针对性的筛查和当地指南。埃及缺乏关于 ROP 患病率和筛查截断值的数据。
这是一项为期 2 年（2019 年 2 月至 2021 年 2 月）的独立筛查工作的回顾性分析，涉及埃及 Sharkia 省的 32 个新生儿护理单位。纳入胎龄（GA）≤34 周和/或出生体重（BW）≤2000 克的婴儿，以及有不稳定临床过程的婴儿。Sharkia 和 Cairo 两省的两个眼科中心作为任何必要干预的转诊中心。
在 276 名筛查婴儿中，有 133 名（48.2%）患有某种形式的 ROP，其中 127 名（95.5%）为双眼ROP。24 名婴儿（8.7%）双眼均发现严重的后部 ROP（AP-ROP）。ROP 婴儿的中位（IQR）GA 为 32（30-34）周，中位（IQR）BW 为 1600（1350-2000）克。63 名婴儿（47.4%）需要治疗。在总共 84 只接受主要治疗的眼中，73 只（86.9%）接受了玻璃体腔内雷珠单抗治疗，8 只（9.5%）接受了激光消融治疗，3 只（3.6%）接受了手术。复发率为 16.7%（14 只眼）。83 只眼（98.8%）的最终结局良好。如果应用美国眼科学会的标准，我们的样本中将会错过 36.8%的ROP 婴儿和 28.6%的需要治疗的婴儿。
在埃及农村地区，ROP 和 AP-ROP 的发生率似乎处于全球报告率的较高水平。应紧急计划和实施预防措施。
