Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru.
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2022 May;16(3):386-394. doi: 10.1111/irv.12952. Epub 2021 Dec 27.
We assessed the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in a prospective study of households in Lima, Peru.
Households with a child, a young adult 18-50 years, and an adult age >50 years in peri-urban Lima were followed with twice-a-week household visits during a 2-month period. Nasal swabs and saliva specimens were collected twice weekly, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected weekly from each participant, regardless of symptoms. Laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined by two RT-PCR tests from any of the collected specimens within a week. Blood samples collected at enrollment and end of follow-up were tested with rapid serological tests. We calculated the prevalence and incidence of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections.
We enrolled 132 participants from 44 households: 44 children, 44 young adults, and 44 older adults. A total of 13 SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected in eight households, for an overall period prevalence of 9.85% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.35-16.25). Most (61.54%) infections were symptomatic. Eight of 11 (72.73%) SARS-CoV-2 detections corresponded to the Lambda variant. During 218.79 person-months at risk of follow-up, there were six new SARS-CoV-2 infections detected (2.74 per 100 person-month, 95% CI: 1.25-6.04). At enrollment, 59 of 128 participants tested had positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG serology (46.09%, 95% CI: 37.25-55.12). Five of six new infections occurred among participants with negative baseline serology.
We demonstrated high incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in households, especially among subjects without evidence of prior infection, most of them not detected by the Ministry of Health system.
我们在秘鲁利马的一项家庭前瞻性研究中评估了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的患病率和发病率。
在利马周边地区，每个家庭都有一名儿童、一名 18-50 岁的年轻成年人和一名年龄>50 岁的成年人。在为期两个月的时间里，每周进行两次家庭访问。每周从每个参与者那里收集两次鼻咽拭子和唾液标本，无论症状如何。实验室确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染是通过在一周内从任何收集的标本中进行两次 RT-PCR 检测来定义的。在入组和随访结束时采集的血液样本用快速血清学检测进行检测。我们计算了实验室确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染的患病率和发病率。
我们从 44 个家庭中招募了 132 名参与者：44 名儿童、44 名年轻成年人和 44 名老年人。在 8 个家庭中共发现了 13 例 SARS-CoV-2 感染，总体期间患病率为 9.85%（95%置信区间[CI]：5.35-16.25）。大多数（61.54%）感染是有症状的。11 例 SARS-CoV-2 检测中有 8 例（72.73%）对应 Lambda 变异株。在 218.79 人月的随访风险期内，发现了 6 例新的 SARS-CoV-2 感染（每 100 人月 2.74 例，95%CI：1.25-6.04）。在入组时，128 名参与者中有 59 名 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 血清学检测阳性（46.09%，95%CI：37.25-55.12）。6 例新感染中有 5 例发生在基线血清学阴性的参与者中。
我们在家庭中发现了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的高发病率，尤其是在那些没有先前感染证据的参与者中，其中大多数感染未被卫生部系统检测到。
