J Spec Oper Med. 2021 Winter;21(4):112-115. doi: 10.55460/K817-9GWY.
High-intensity functional training (HIFT) involves high-volume and high-intensity physical activities with short rest periods between movements and the use of multiple-joint exercises. This paper analyzes narrative and systematic reviews covering studies of injuries sustained during HIFT. Two narrative and six systematic reviews on injuries during HIFT were identified. Seven reviews concluded that the injury incidences or injury rates during HIFT were similar to those of comparable sports and exercise programs. The most often injured anatomic locations were shoulders, backs, and knees. The most comprehensive and recent review involved 21 retrospective and three prospective studies. In this review, mean ± standard deviation (SD) injury prevalence was 35% ± 15%, the injury rate was approximately 3 ± 5 injuries/1,000 hours of training, and the prevalence of injuries requiring surgery was 6% ± 5%. Most injuries were associated with weightlifting exercises, especially deadlifts, snatches, clean and jerks, and overhead presses. Other risk factors included participation time in HIFT, participation in competition, prior injuries, weekly training frequency, male sex, older age, and alternating training loads. Although most studies included in these reviews were of lower methodologic quality, current evidence suggests that injury rates in HIFT are similar to those of other exercise activities. More high-quality prospective studies are needed to fully evaluate HIFT safety.
高强度功能性训练（HIFT）涉及高容量和高强度的体力活动，运动之间的休息时间短，使用多关节运动。本文分析了涵盖 HIFT 期间受伤研究的叙述性和系统性综述。确定了两份关于 HIFT 期间受伤的叙述性和六份系统性综述。七份综述的结论是，HIFT 期间的受伤发生率或受伤率与可比的运动和锻炼计划相似。受伤最常见的解剖部位是肩部、背部和膝盖。最全面和最近的综述涉及 21 项回顾性研究和 3 项前瞻性研究。在这项综述中，平均±标准偏差（SD）损伤发生率为 35%±15%，损伤率约为每 1000 小时训练 3±5 例损伤，需要手术治疗的损伤发生率为 6%±5%。大多数损伤与举重练习有关，尤其是硬拉、抓举、挺举和卧推。其他危险因素包括参与 HIFT 的时间、参加比赛、既往损伤、每周训练频率、男性、年龄较大和交替训练负荷。尽管这些综述中包含的大多数研究方法质量较低，但目前的证据表明，HIFT 的受伤率与其他运动活动相似。需要更多高质量的前瞻性研究来全面评估 HIFT 的安全性。
