Fu Shiwei, Rempson Caitlin M, Puche Vanessa, Zhao Bowen, Zhang Fuwu
Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States.
Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States; The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Methods. 2022 Mar;199:67-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.12.011. Epub 2021 Dec 28.
Disulfide bonds (S-S) are widely found in chemistry, biology, and materials science. Polymer nanomaterials containing disulfide bonds with a variety of excellent properties have great potential as drug and gene delivery carriers. The disulfide bond can exist stably in extracellular environment, but upon entering cancer cells, it will undergo a sulfhydryl-disulfide bond exchange reaction with glutathione (GSH) in the cytoplasm, causing the disulfide bond cleavage. Therefore, polymeric nanomaterials containing disulfide bonds are promising in cancer treatment due to the elevated GSH concentration inside cancer cells. This review highlights various synthetic approaches to prepare disulfide containing redox-responsive polymeric nanomedicine, including synthesis of disulfide bonds containing polymers, construction of polymeric nanoparticle with shell or core crosslinked disulfide bonds, preparation of polymer-drug conjugates via disulfide linkers, and disulfide linked responsive payloads.
二硫键（S-S）在化学、生物学和材料科学中广泛存在。含有二硫键且具有多种优异性能的聚合物纳米材料作为药物和基因递送载体具有巨大潜力。二硫键能够在细胞外环境中稳定存在，但进入癌细胞后，它会与细胞质中的谷胱甘肽（GSH）发生巯基-二硫键交换反应，导致二硫键断裂。因此，由于癌细胞内谷胱甘肽浓度升高，含有二硫键的聚合物纳米材料在癌症治疗方面具有广阔前景。本文综述了制备含二硫键的氧化还原响应性聚合物纳米药物的各种合成方法，包括含二硫键聚合物的合成、具有壳层或核心交联二硫键的聚合物纳米颗粒的构建、通过二硫键连接体制备聚合物-药物偶联物以及二硫键连接的响应性载药体。
