Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland.
BMJ Open. 2021 Dec 31;11(12):e053133. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053133.
Many comorbidities are associated with adult asthma and may exacerbate the asthma burden of disease. This study aims to investigate the risk for major oral diseases or oral-manifesting diseases in asthmatic compared with non-asthmatic adults.
We conducted a population-based matched cohort study with a 13.8-year follow-up.
A baseline questionnaire was completed by participants in 1997 and follow-up data were extracted from the national hospital discharge registry of the National Institute for Health and Welfare in Finland from 1997 to 2014.
A total of 1394 adults with asthma were matched with 2398 adults without asthma based on sex, age and area of residence. Asthmatic adults were identified from the Drug Reimbursement Register of the Finnish Social Insurance Institution based on a special drug reimbursement right resulting from asthma. Participants without asthma were identified from the Population Register.
Oral health-related primary diagnoses were retrieved using codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition and divided into groups of diseases. Cox's proportional hazards models stratified by matching unit and models matched and adjusted for pack-years, education level and body mass index (when possible) were used to evaluate the matched and further adjusted HRs for diseases comparing asthmatic and non-asthmatic cohorts.
Adult asthma was associated with a higher risk for any oral-manifesting disease (adjusted HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.80), herpes zoster (adjusted HR 6.18, 95% CI 1.21 to 31.6), benign tumours of the oral cavity and pharynx (matched HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.56) and dermatological diseases (pemphigus, pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, psoriasis and lichen planus, HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.78).
In this study, adult asthmatics experienced a higher risk for a major oral disease or oral-manifesting disease.
许多合并症与成人哮喘相关，并可能加重哮喘疾病负担。本研究旨在调查哮喘患者与非哮喘成人相比发生主要口腔疾病或口腔表现疾病的风险。
我们进行了一项基于人群的匹配队列研究，随访时间为 13.8 年。
参与者于 1997 年完成基线问卷调查，并从芬兰国家卫生和福利研究所的国家医院出院登记处提取 1997 年至 2014 年的随访数据。
根据性别、年龄和居住地，共将 1394 名哮喘成人与 2398 名非哮喘成人进行匹配。根据芬兰社会保险机构特殊药物报销权（源于哮喘），从药物报销登记处确定哮喘成人。非哮喘参与者从人口登记处确定。
使用国际疾病分类第 10 版的代码检索与口腔健康相关的主要诊断，并将其分为疾病组。使用 Cox 比例风险模型分层匹配单位，以及匹配和调整包年、教育水平和体重指数（在可能的情况下）的模型，评估比较哮喘和非哮喘队列的疾病的匹配和进一步调整后的风险比（HR）。
成人哮喘与任何口腔表现疾病（调整后的 HR 1.41，95%CI 1.11 至 1.80）、带状疱疹（调整后的 HR 6.18，95%CI 1.21 至 31.6）、口腔和咽部良性肿瘤（匹配 HR 1.94，95%CI 1.05 至 3.56）和皮肤病（天疱疮、类天疱疮、疱疹样皮炎、银屑病和扁平苔藓，HR 1.67，95%CI 1.01 至 2.78）的风险更高。
在这项研究中，成年哮喘患者发生主要口腔疾病或口腔表现疾病的风险更高。
