Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy.
Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2022 Apr;292:133448. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133448. Epub 2021 Dec 29.
The presence of various heavy metal ions in the industrial waste waters has recently been a challenging issue for human health. Since heavy metals are highly soluble in the aquatic environments and they can be absorbed easily by living organisms, their removal is essential from the environmental point of view. Many studies have been devoted to investigating the environmental behaviour of graphene-based nanomaterials as sorbent agents to remove metals from wastewaters arising by galvanic industries. Among the graphene derivates, especially graphene oxide (GO), due to its abundant oxygen functional groups, high specific area and hydrophilicity, is a high-efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy and precious metals in aquatic environment. This paper reviews the main graphene, GO, functionalized GO and their composites and its applications in the metals removal process. The influencing factors, adsorption capacities and reuse capability are highlighted for the most extensively used heavy metals, including copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, cobalt and precious metals (i.e., gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium) in the electroplating process.
工业废水中各种重金属离子的存在最近对人类健康构成了挑战。由于重金属在水环境中高度溶解，并且很容易被生物体吸收，因此从环境角度来看，去除重金属是必要的。许多研究致力于研究基于石墨烯的纳米材料作为吸附剂的环境行为，以去除电镀工业产生的废水中的金属。在石墨烯衍生物中，特别是氧化石墨烯（GO），由于其丰富的含氧官能团、高比表面积和亲水性，是一种高效的吸附剂，可用于去除水环境污染中的重金属和贵金属。本文综述了主要的石墨烯、GO、功能化 GO 及其复合材料及其在金属去除过程中的应用。重点介绍了在电镀过程中最广泛使用的重金属（包括铜、锌、镍、铬、钴和贵金属（即金、银、铂、钯、铑和钌）的影响因素、吸附容量和可重复使用性。
