Nuckchady Dooshanveer C
Infectious Diseases, Victoria Hospital, Quatre Bornes, MUS.
Cureus. 2021 Nov 28;13(11):e19962. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19962. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Introduction Hospital-acquired infections can be associated with an increase in morbidity, length of stay, and cost. Data on this topic are very limited in Mauritius. This study seeks to identify (a) the most prevalent hospital-acquired infection locally, (b) the risk factors for acquiring nosocomial infections, and (c) the mortality rate linked to such infections. Methods This is an observational study that was conducted at a 600-bed hospital in Mauritius by going through the folders of 109 patients who were admitted in different wards. Cox regression was used to carry out the survival analysis. Results Over the past 25 years, the incidence of hospital-acquired infections has increased by two to three times in Mauritius to reach a value of 18 per 100 admitted patients. The most commonly identified nosocomial infection was ventilator-associated pneumonia. The presence of foreign devices increased the risk of acquiring nosocomial infections. The mortality rate from such infections was almost four times higher compared to the mortality rate from patients who did not suffer from these infections; however, after adjustment for potential confounders, this was not statistically significant. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and central line-associated bloodstream infections was high at 46 per 1,000 ventilator-days and 25 per 1,000 central line days, respectively. Conclusion Infection prevention and control measures should be implemented to curtail the rise of hospital-acquired infections in Mauritius. Such measures should include the use of bundles of care. In addition, periodic surveillance of nosocomial infections needs to be encouraged.
引言 医院获得性感染可能会导致发病率增加、住院时间延长和成本上升。毛里求斯关于这一主题的数据非常有限。本研究旨在确定：（a）当地最常见的医院获得性感染；（b）获得医院感染的风险因素；（c）与此类感染相关的死亡率。方法 这是一项观察性研究，在毛里求斯一家拥有600张床位的医院进行，研究人员查阅了109名入住不同病房患者的病历。采用Cox回归进行生存分析。结果 在过去25年中，毛里求斯医院获得性感染的发病率增加了两到三倍，达到每100名入院患者中有18例。最常发现的医院感染是呼吸机相关性肺炎。体内有外来装置会增加获得医院感染的风险。此类感染导致的死亡率几乎是未感染患者死亡率的四倍；然而，在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，这一差异无统计学意义。呼吸机相关性肺炎和中心静脉导管相关血流感染的发病率分别高达每1000个呼吸机日46例和每1000个中心静脉导管日25例。结论 应实施感染预防和控制措施，以遏制毛里求斯医院获得性感染的上升趋势。此类措施应包括采用综合护理措施。此外，还应鼓励定期监测医院感染情况。
