提供免疫支持营养素的食物。
Foods to deliver immune-supporting nutrients.
作者信息
Calder Philip C
机构信息
School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Curr Opin Food Sci. 2022 Feb;43:136-145. doi: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.12.006. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article will briefly describe the role of specific dietary components, mainly micronutrients, in supporting the immune response and summarise the literature regarding foods and dietary patterns in the context of immunity and infectious illness. Literature on SARS-COV-2 infection and COVID-19 is referred to where appropriate.
RECENT FINDINGS
Micronutrients, other nutrients and plant bioactives have roles in supporting the immune response. Low status of a number of micronutrients is associated with increased risk and severity of COVID-19. Recent studies report associations of plant-based diets with lower risk of, and less severe, COVID-19.
SUMMARY
In order to support the immune response, sufficient amounts of a range of essential and non-essential nutrients and other bioactives, mainly from a plant-based diet should be consumed. Further research should define cause-and-effect relationships of intakes of individual dietary components and foods, and of dietary patterns with susceptibility to, and severity of, viral infections.
综述目的
本文将简要描述特定饮食成分（主要是微量营养素）在支持免疫反应中的作用，并总结有关免疫和感染性疾病背景下食物及饮食模式的文献。在适当情况下会引用关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染和2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的文献。
最新发现
微量营养素、其他营养素和植物生物活性成分在支持免疫反应中发挥作用。多种微量营养素水平较低与COVID-19风险增加和病情严重程度相关。近期研究报告了植物性饮食与较低的COVID-19风险及较轻病情之间的关联。
总结
为支持免疫反应，应摄入充足的一系列必需和非必需营养素以及其他生物活性成分，主要来自植物性饮食。进一步的研究应确定个体饮食成分和食物摄入量以及饮食模式与病毒感染易感性和严重程度之间的因果关系。
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