Joint Program for Postgraduate Studies in Preventive Medicine, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Public Health, General Directorate of Health Affairs in Aseer Region, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Psych J. 2022 Feb;11(1):18-29. doi: 10.1002/pchj.516. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
This systematic review and meta-analysis generates evidence of the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) related to the pandemic among the Saudi general population. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was performed in the respective databases (e.g., PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), from 22 July to 17 August 2021, and identified a total of 220 articles. Adhering to the inclusion criteria (i.e., original research concerning the prevalence and/or associated factors of depression and/or anxiety and/or stress disorders among the general Saudi population, published in English peer-reviewed journals), 15 studies were included in this review which consisted of a total of 262,656 participants. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22% to 38%, I = 99.58%), 20% (95% CI: 16% to 24%, I = 99.32%), and 29% (95% CI: 11% to 47%, I = 99.76%), respectively. Risk factors of mental health problems were found to be female sex, younger age group, single/divorced marital status, lower education, lower income, non-Saudis, unemployment status, students, being in a small family and living with elderly of the sociodemographic factors. Smokers, less physical activities, lower resilience, reduced immune status, chronic health problems, and psychiatric illness history were associated with a higher degree of mental health problems. In addition, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related risk factors of mental illness included lack of knowledge, fear, worry and concern, family member or friends' infection or death, lockdown restrictions, quarantine, confirmed or suspected of COVID-19 infection, and even pandemic effects. In conclusion, appropriate mental health preventive approaches for the Saudi general people are highly needed, where this review can be worthy of help by providing in detailed information to the respective authorities.
本系统评价和荟萃分析提供了证据，表明在沙特普通人群中，与大流行相关的常见精神障碍（即抑郁、焦虑和压力）的患病率和相关因素。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南，我们在 2021 年 7 月 22 日至 8 月 17 日期间在各自的数据库（如 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science）中进行了全面的文献搜索，共确定了 220 篇文章。根据纳入标准（即关于在沙特普通人群中抑郁和/或焦虑和/或压力障碍的患病率和/或相关因素的原创研究，发表在英语同行评议期刊上），有 15 项研究被纳入本综述，其中共包含 262656 名参与者。抑郁、焦虑和压力的总体患病率分别为 30%（95%置信区间[CI]：22%至 38%，I=99.58%）、20%（95%CI：16%至 24%，I=99.32%）和 29%（95%CI：11%至 47%，I=99.76%）。精神健康问题的危险因素被发现是女性、年轻年龄组、单身/离婚的婚姻状况、较低的教育程度、较低的收入、非沙特人、失业状况、学生、家庭规模小和与老年人同住等社会人口因素。吸烟者、较少的体育活动、较低的适应力、免疫状态降低、慢性健康问题和精神病史与更高程度的精神健康问题有关。此外，与 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关的精神疾病危险因素包括缺乏知识、恐惧、担忧和关注、家庭成员或朋友感染或死亡、封锁限制、隔离、确诊或疑似 COVID-19 感染，甚至大流行的影响。总之，沙特普通民众急需采取适当的心理健康预防措施，本综述可以通过向相关当局提供详细信息而提供帮助。
