Pedersen Marie, Vryonidis Efstathios, Joensen Andrea, Törnqvist Margareta
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2022 Mar;161:112799. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112799. Epub 2022 Jan 5.
Acrylamide forms in many commonly consumed foods. In animals, acrylamide causes tumors, neurotoxicity, developmental and reproductive effects. Acrylamide crosses the placenta and has been associated with restriction of intrauterine growth and certain cancers. The impact on human health is poorly understood and it is impossible to say what level of dietary exposure to acrylamide can be deemed safe as the assessment of exposure is uncertain. The determination of hemoglobin (Hb) adducts from acrylamide is increasingly being used to improve the exposure assessment of acrylamide. We aim to outline the literature on Hb adduct levels from acrylamide in humans and discuss methodological issues and research gaps. A total of 86 studies of 27,966 individuals from 19 countries were reviewed. Adduct levels were highest in occupationally exposed individuals and smokers. Levels ranged widely from 3 to 210 pmol/g Hb in non-smokers from the general population and this wide range suggests that dietary exposure to acrylamide varies largely. Non-smokers from the US and Canada had slightly higher levels as compared with non-smokers from elsewhere, but differences within studies were larger than between studies. Large studies with exposure assessment of acrylamide and related adduct forming compounds from diet during early-life are encouraged for the evaluation of health effects.
丙烯酰胺存在于许多常见的食用食品中。在动物身上，丙烯酰胺会导致肿瘤、神经毒性、发育和生殖方面的影响。丙烯酰胺可穿过胎盘，并与宫内生长受限和某些癌症有关。人们对其对人类健康的影响了解甚少，由于暴露评估不确定，因此无法确定何种膳食丙烯酰胺暴露水平可被视为安全。通过测定丙烯酰胺导致的血红蛋白（Hb）加合物，越来越多地用于改进丙烯酰胺的暴露评估。我们旨在概述有关人体中丙烯酰胺Hb加合物水平的文献，并讨论方法学问题和研究空白。共对来自19个国家的27966名个体的86项研究进行了综述。职业暴露个体和吸烟者的加合物水平最高。一般人群中非吸烟者的加合物水平范围很广，从3到210 pmol/g Hb不等，这种广泛的范围表明膳食丙烯酰胺暴露差异很大。与其他地方的非吸烟者相比，美国和加拿大的非吸烟者加合物水平略高，但研究内部的差异大于研究之间的差异。鼓励开展大型研究，对生命早期饮食中丙烯酰胺及相关加合物形成化合物进行暴露评估，以评估健康影响。
