Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Cnr. Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Ave., Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Feb 13;2020:1356893. doi: 10.1155/2020/1356893. eCollection 2020.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory responses and beta cell dysfunction. This ailment affects as many as 451 million people worldwide, and it is also one of the leading causes of death. In spite of the immense advances made in the development of orthodox antidiabetic drugs, these drugs are often considered not successful for the management and treatment of T2DM due to the myriad side effects associated with them. Thus, the exploration of medicinal herbs and natural products as therapeutic sources for the treatment of T2DM is promoted because they have little or no side effects. Bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels regulating one or more of the following mechanisms: improvement of beta cell function, insulin resistance, glucose (re)absorption, and glucagon-like peptide-1 homeostasis. In recent times, the mechanisms of action of different bioactive molecules with antidiabetic properties and phytochemistry are gaining a lot of attention in the area of drug discovery. This review article presents an update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM.
糖尿病是一种主要影响内分泌腺的代谢紊乱疾病，其特征是由于胰岛素分泌反应不足和β细胞功能障碍导致的高血糖和葡萄糖不耐受。这种疾病影响着全球多达 4.51 亿人，也是主要的死亡原因之一。尽管在开发正统抗糖尿病药物方面取得了巨大进展，但由于这些药物存在许多副作用，它们通常被认为在 T2DM 的管理和治疗方面并不成功。因此，提倡将草药和天然产物作为治疗 T2DM 的治疗来源进行探索，因为它们几乎没有或没有副作用。已经证明从天然来源中分离出的生物活性分子可以降低血糖水平，调节以下一种或多种机制：改善β细胞功能、胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖（再）吸收和胰高血糖素样肽-1稳态。最近，具有抗糖尿病特性和植物化学特性的不同生物活性分子的作用机制在药物发现领域引起了广泛关注。本文综述了临床研究中关于药用植物治疗 T2DM 的最新发现。
