Carter Mary E, Koch André, Lauer Ulrich M, Hartkopf Andreas D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Medical Oncology & Pneumology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Front Oncol. 2021 Dec 23;11:803050. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.803050. eCollection 2021.
Breast cancer is the second most common kind of cancer worldwide and oncolytic viruses may offer a new treatment approach. There are three different types of oncolytic viruses used in clinical trials; (i) oncolytic viruses with natural anti-neoplastic properties; (ii) oncolytic viruses designed for tumor-selective replication; (iii) oncolytic viruses modified to activate the immune system. Currently, fourteen different oncolytic viruses have been investigated in eighteen published clinical trials. These trials demonstrate that oncolytic viruses are well tolerated and safe for use in patients and display clinical activity. However, these trials mainly studied a small number of patients with different advanced tumors including some with breast cancer. Future trials should focus on breast cancer and investigate optimal routes of administration, occurrence of neutralizing antibodies, viral gene expression, combinations with other antineoplastic therapies, and identify subtypes that are particularly suitable for oncolytic virotherapy.
乳腺癌是全球第二常见的癌症类型，溶瘤病毒可能提供一种新的治疗方法。目前有三种不同类型的溶瘤病毒用于临床试验：（i）具有天然抗肿瘤特性的溶瘤病毒；（ii）设计用于肿瘤选择性复制的溶瘤病毒；（iii）经过修饰以激活免疫系统的溶瘤病毒。目前，在18项已发表的临床试验中对14种不同的溶瘤病毒进行了研究。这些试验表明，溶瘤病毒在患者中耐受性良好且使用安全，并显示出临床活性。然而，这些试验主要研究了少数患有不同晚期肿瘤的患者，包括一些乳腺癌患者。未来的试验应聚焦于乳腺癌，并研究最佳给药途径、中和抗体的出现、病毒基因表达、与其他抗肿瘤疗法的联合应用，并确定特别适合溶瘤病毒疗法的亚型。
