Lin Nan, Fu Haoxuan, Pu Dan, Quan Yuxin, Li Yueyi, Yin Xiaomeng, Wei Yuhao, Wang Hang, Ma Xuelei, Wei Xiawei
West China School of Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
Department of Statistics University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana Illinois USA.
MedComm (2020). 2021 Dec 31;3(1):1-12. doi: 10.1002/mco2.109. eCollection 2022 Jan.
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sweeping the world, effective and affordable vaccines are in urgent need. A reliable system for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines would boost the development of vaccines and reduce the research cost. We constructed a logistic regression model and analyzed the relationship between antibody (Ab) level and efficacy of different vaccine types. The relationship between assessment dates and Ab levels was depicted by plotting the mean of Ab levels evolved over time and a fitted cubic polynomial model. Anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) could best estimate the vaccine efficacy (VE) (adjusted = 0.731) and neutralizing Ab to live SARS-CoV-2 also explained a fine relationship (adjusted = 0.577). Neutralizing Abs to live SARS-CoV-2 in inactivated virus vaccines reached a peak during days 40-60, and their receptor-binding domain (RBD)-IgG peaked during days 40-50. For messenger RNA (mRNA) and viral vector vaccines, their neutralizing Ab to live SARS-CoV-2 peaked later than day 40, and for RBD-IgG during days 30-50. For mRNA and viral vector vaccines, their peak time of Abs was later than that in inactivated virus vaccines. RBD-IgG peaked earlier than Ab to live SARS-CoV-2. Anti-spike IgG and Ab to live SARS-CoV-2 may be good immune markers for VE assessment.
随着严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）席卷全球，有效且价格可承受的疫苗亟待出现。一个可靠的SARS-CoV-2疫苗评估系统将推动疫苗研发并降低研究成本。我们构建了一个逻辑回归模型，并分析了抗体（Ab）水平与不同疫苗类型效力之间的关系。通过绘制随时间变化的Ab水平均值和拟合的三次多项式模型来描述评估日期与Ab水平之间的关系。抗刺突免疫球蛋白G（IgG）能够最好地估计疫苗效力（VE）（调整后 = 0.731），并且针对活SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体也呈现出良好的相关性（调整后 = 0.577）。灭活病毒疫苗中针对活SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体在第40 - 60天达到峰值，其受体结合域（RBD）-IgG在第40 - 50天达到峰值。对于信使核糖核酸（mRNA）和病毒载体疫苗，它们针对活SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体在第40天之后达到峰值，而RBD-IgG在第30 - 50天达到峰值。对于mRNA和病毒载体疫苗，它们抗体的峰值时间晚于灭活病毒疫苗。RBD-IgG的峰值早于针对活SARS-CoV-2的抗体。抗刺突IgG和针对活SARS-CoV-2的抗体可能是评估疫苗效力的良好免疫标志物。
