在埃塞俄比亚北希瓦省库尤综合医院就诊的疑似结核病患者中，肠道寄生虫病和结核病的流行程度及其相关因素。

Magnitude and associated factors of Intestinal Parasitosis and Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis suspected patients attending Kuyu General Hospital, North Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia.

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

出版信息

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Jan 10;16(1):e0010120. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010120. eCollection 2022 Jan.

BACKGROUND

Intestinal parasites and Tuberculosis (TB) co-infection is a major public health problem. The parasitic infection suppresses the cell mediated immunity that protects tuberculosis. Helminthes-induced immune modulation promotes progression to active tuberculosis. However, there is paucity of evidences on the intestinal parasites-tuberculosis co-infection in Ethiopia. This study explores the magnitude and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infection and TB among suspected pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients.

METHODOLOGY

A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Kuyu General Hospital from December 2019-March 2020. The socio-demographic data and associated factors were collected by structured questionnaire and then spot-spot sputum and fresh stool samples were collected following standard guidelines and were processed. Descriptive analysis was conducted and reported in frequency and percentage. Bivariate analysis was computed and a multivariable analysis was conducted to provide an adjusted odds ratio (AOR). P-value <0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS

The burden of intestinal parasites was 20.2% (49/ 242) and 6.1% (20/ 242) of them were helminths infections and 14.1% (29/ 242) were protozoa infections. Of 242 patients, 14.9% (36/242) were sputum smear-positive for acid fast-bacilli. Of 36 smear positive patients, 9(25%) had TB-intestinal parasites co-infection. Dwelling in rural areas and having untrimmed fingernails were statistically significantly associated with intestinal parasites. Having a contact history of Tb patients was significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis.

CONCLUSIONS

The magnitude of intestinal parasites and TB among PTB suspected patients were high. Hookworm infection was the predominant helmenthic infection. It is important to consider screening TB patients for intestinal parasites and treat co-infection properly.

背景

肠道寄生虫和结核病（TB）合并感染是一个主要的公共卫生问题。寄生虫感染会抑制保护结核病的细胞介导免疫。蠕虫诱导的免疫调节会促进活动性结核病的发展。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，关于肠道寄生虫-结核病合并感染的证据很少。本研究旨在探讨疑似肺结核（PTB）患者中肠道寄生虫感染和结核病的流行程度及相关因素。

方法

本横断面研究于 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 3 月在库尤综合医院进行。采用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学数据和相关因素，然后按照标准指南采集痰和新鲜粪便样本并进行处理。采用描述性分析方法进行分析，并以频率和百分比报告。进行了单变量分析，并进行了多变量分析以提供调整后的优势比（AOR）。置信区间为 95%，P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

肠道寄生虫的负担为 20.2%（49/242），其中 6.1%（20/242）为蠕虫感染，14.1%（29/242）为原虫感染。在 242 例患者中，14.9%（36/242）的痰液抗酸杆菌涂片阳性。在 36 例涂片阳性患者中，有 9 例（25%）患有 TB-肠道寄生虫合并感染。居住在农村地区和未修剪的指甲与肠道寄生虫感染有统计学显著关联。有结核病患者接触史与肺结核有显著关联。