Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;19(1):116. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010116.
Our study aimed to estimate the number of hypertension patients with or without elevated body mass index (BMI), and assess their mortality risk. We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to estimate the population of hypertensive patients with or without elevated BMI. The mortality risk of hypertension with elevated BMI was estimated by using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, 23.02% of adults, representing 117.74 (95% CI: 108.79, 126.69) million, had both high BMI and hypertension. Among them, 38.53 (95% CI: 35.50, 41.56) million were recommended to initiate antihypertensive medication but did not take it. Moreover, there were 38.40 (95% CI: 35.50, 41.56) million hypertensive patients with elevated BMI who did not achieve the goal of blood pressure control. All-cause mortality and premature death mortality, especially for the elderly, were significantly and positively associated with the severity of the hypertensive condition ( for trend = 0.001). In China, there were a huge number of patients with hypertension and elevated BMI, and the treatment and control rates for them were low. The more severe the degree of hypertension, the higher risk of all-cause death and premature death in these patients.
我们的研究旨在估计患有或不患有超重身体质量指数（BMI）的高血压患者数量，并评估其死亡风险。我们使用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据来估计患有或不患有超重 BMI 的高血压患者人群。使用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）数据来估计超重 BMI 的高血压患者的死亡风险。Cox 比例风险模型用于估计风险比和 95%置信区间（CI）。共有 23.02%的成年人，代表 11774 万人（95%CI：10879 万人，12669 万人）同时患有高 BMI 和高血压。其中，3853 万人（95%CI：35.50 万人，41.56 万人）被建议开始服用降压药物，但并未服用。此外，还有 3840 万人（95%CI：35.50 万人，41.56 万人）患有超重 BMI 的高血压患者未达到血压控制目标。全因死亡率和过早死亡率，特别是对于老年人，与高血压严重程度呈显著正相关（趋势检验=0.001）。在中国，有大量的高血压和超重 BMI 患者，他们的治疗和控制率较低。高血压严重程度越高，这些患者的全因死亡和过早死亡风险越高。
