Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310 Izola, Slovenia.
Andrej Marušič Institute, University of Primorska, Muzejski trg 2, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;19(1):131. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010131.
Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common work-related health problems. As low back disorders (LBD) are the most problematic, the aim of this study was to provide an in-depth analysis of the nationwide data on sick leaves due to work-related LBDs among workers in Slovenia in 2015-2019 by gender, age and various economic activities (NACE Rev 2 classification). We retrospectively analyzed the Slovene national data for sick leave (SL) rates due to the LBDs between 2015 and 2019. The analyzed SL outcomes were (i) index of temporary disability as a diagnosis-specific loss of calendar days (all calendar days except Sundays) per employee, (ii) frequency of spells as the number of SL cases per 100 employees in one year and (iii) severity as the average duration of one absence from work due to a health condition. A high prevalence of sick leaves due to LBDs in Slovenia was present among young male workers in "mining and quarrying". In the next age group (20.0-44.9 years), LBD is most frequent in "water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities". Particular attention should be paid to ''agriculture, forestry and fishing'' which shows a large average sick leave duration and probably a more demanding course of LBDs.
肌肉骨骼疾病是最常见的与工作相关的健康问题。由于下背部疾病（LBD）是最成问题的，因此本研究的目的是通过性别、年龄和各种经济活动（NACE Rev 2 分类）对 2015-2019 年斯洛文尼亚工人因与工作相关的 LBD 而休病假的全国数据进行深入分析。我们回顾性分析了 2015 年至 2019 年期间因 LBD 而休病假（SL）的斯洛文尼亚国家数据。分析的 SL 结果是：（i）作为特定诊断的日历天损失的临时残疾指数（除星期日外的所有日历天）/每位员工，（ii）每年每 100 名员工中病假案例的频率和（iii）因健康状况缺勤一天的平均持续时间。斯洛文尼亚 LBD 病假的高患病率出现在“采矿业和采石业”中的年轻男性工人中。在下一个年龄组（20.0-44.9 岁）中，LBD 最常见于“供水；污水、废物管理和修复活动”。应特别关注“农业、林业和渔业”，因为它显示出较长的平均病假持续时间，可能会导致 LBD 更严重。
