Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Department of Education, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 24;19(1):182. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010182.
This study examines the influence of punitive parental discipline on child-to-parent violence (CPV). The moderating roles of parental context (stress and parental ineffectiveness), mode of implementation of parental discipline (parental impulsivity or warmth/support) and the gender of the aggressor in the relationship between punitive discipline and CPV are examined. The study included 1543 university students between 18 and 25 years old (50.2% males, M = 19.9 years, SD = 1.9) who retrospectively described their experience between the ages of 12 and 17 years old. The results indicated that stress, ineffectiveness and parental impulsivity increase the negative effect of punitive discipline on CPV. There is no moderating effect of parental warmth/support. The gender of the aggressor is only a moderator in the case of violence toward the father, and the effect of punitive discipline is stronger in males than in females. The study draws conclusions regarding the importance of context and the mode by which parents discipline their children, aspects that can aggravate the adverse effects of physical and psychological punishment on CPV. It is necessary for interventions to focus not only on promoting positive disciplinary strategies but also on the mode in which they are administered and on contextual aspects.
本研究考察了惩罚性父母纪律对子女对父母暴力（CPV）的影响。研究考察了父母背景（压力和父母无效）、父母纪律实施方式（父母冲动或温暖/支持）以及攻击者性别的调节作用，在惩罚性纪律与 CPV 之间的关系中。该研究包括 1543 名 18 至 25 岁的大学生（50.2%为男性，M=19.9 岁，SD=1.9），他们回顾了自己 12 至 17 岁之间的经历。结果表明，压力、无效和父母冲动会增加惩罚性纪律对 CPV 的负面影响。父母温暖/支持没有调节作用。攻击者的性别仅在针对父亲的暴力行为中是一个调节因素，而且惩罚性纪律对男性的影响强于女性。该研究得出结论，重视背景和父母管教孩子的方式非常重要，这些方面会加剧身体和心理惩罚对 CPV 的不利影响。干预措施不仅要注重促进积极的纪律策略，还要注重实施方式和背景方面。
