Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences at the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 21;14(1):9. doi: 10.3390/nu14010009.
The single-serve packaging of discretionary foods is becoming increasingly popular, but evidence is limited on whether smaller package sizes can reduce food intake. The aim of this scoping review is to assess the effect of reducing the package size of energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) snacks and drinks on consumption, intentions, and perception, and to examine the effects of potential moderators or mediators. The search was conducted in six selected databases and grey literature sources, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for the scoping review process (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. After screening 5562 articles, 30 articles comprising 47 intervention studies were included. Twelve of 15 studies found a significant effect in lowering the actual or intended consumption when a single smaller package was offered compared with a single larger package. When the total serving size was held constant between varying package conditions, such as a multipack, single package, or unpackaged, the results on the actual and intended consumption were inconsistent and varied according to the presence of moderators. Overall, these findings suggest that an overall reduction in the size of a single package is a more promising strategy than providing multipacks to reduce consumption. Changes to the current food environment to promote single smaller packages of EDNP snacks and drinks are necessary to support the better selection of appropriate portion sizes and reduce consumption.
单次包装的随意性食品越来越受欢迎，但关于较小的包装尺寸是否能减少食物摄入量的证据有限。本范围综述的目的是评估减少能量密集型、营养贫乏（EDNP）零食和饮料的包装尺寸对消费、意图和感知的影响，并研究潜在的调节因素或中介因素。该研究在六个选定的数据库和灰色文献来源中进行，遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）指南进行范围综述。经过筛选 5562 篇文章，共纳入 30 篇文章，包括 47 项干预研究。在提供单个较小包装与单个较大包装相比时，15 项研究中有 12 项发现实际或预期消费显著降低。当不同包装条件（如多包、单个包装或无包装）之间保持总服务量不变时，实际和预期消费的结果不一致，并根据调节因素的存在而有所不同。总体而言，这些发现表明，与提供多包相比，全面减少单个包装的大小是一种更有前途的策略，可以减少消费。有必要改变当前的食品环境，以促进 EDNP 零食和饮料的单个较小包装，以支持更好地选择适当的份量并减少消费。
