粪便或血浆中的短链脂肪酸和总脂肪酸谱作为犬类食物反应性肠病预测指标的初步研究
Short-Chain and Total Fatty Acid Profile of Faeces or Plasma as Predictors of Food-Responsive Enteropathy in Dogs: A Preliminary Study.
作者信息
Higueras Cristina, Rey Ana I, Escudero Rosa, Díaz-Regañón David, Rodríguez-Franco Fernando, García-Sancho Mercedes, Agulla Beatriz, Sainz Angel
机构信息
Department Animal Production, Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2021 Dec 31;12(1):89. doi: 10.3390/ani12010089.
The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the total fatty acid profile of faeces or plasma as possible indicators of FRE in comparison with healthy dogs. FRE dogs had a lower concentration ( = 0.026) of plasma α-tocopherol as an indicator of the oxidative status of the animal, and lower C20:5n-3 ( = 0.033), C22:5n-3 ( = 0.005), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ( = 0.021) and n-6 ( = 0.041) when compared with the control dogs; furthermore, sick dogs had higher proportions of plasma C20:3n-6 ( = 0.0056). The dogs with FRE showed a decrease in the production of faecal levels of SCFAs, mainly propionic acid (C3) ( = 0.0001) and isovaleric acid (iC5) ( = 0.014). FRE dogs also had a lower proportion of C15:0 ( = 0.0003), C16:1n-9 ( = 0.0095), C16:1n-7 ( = 0.0001), C20:5n-3 ( = 0.0034) and monounsaturated fatty acids ( = 0.0315), and tended to have lower n-3 ( = 0.058) and a reduced desaturase activity index in the stool when compared with the control group. However, the dogs with chronic enteropathy tended to have greater C20:4n-6 ( = 0.065) in their faeces as signs of damage at the intestinal level. The faecal parameters were better predictors than plasma. The highest correlations between faecal odd-chain, medium- or long-chain fatty acids and SCFAs were observed for C15:0 that correlated positively with faecal acetic acid (C2) (r = 0.72, = 0.004), propionic acid (r = 0.95, = 0.0001), isobutyric acid (iC4) (r = 0.59, = 0.027) and isovaleric acid (r = 0.64, = 0.0136), as well as with total SCFAs (r = 0.61, = 0.02). Conversely, faecal C20:4n-6 showed a high inverse correlation (r = -0.83, = 0.0002) with C2 and C3 (r = -0.59, = 0.027). Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity (CIBDAI) index correlated negatively mainly with faecal measurements, such as C3 (r = -0.869, = 0.0005) and C15:0 (r = -0.825, = 0.0018), followed by C16:1/C16:0 (r = -0.66, = 0.0374) and iC5 (r = -0.648, = 0.0310), which would indicate that these fatty acids could be good non-invasive indicators of the chronic inflammatory status, specifically FRE.
本研究的目的是评估粪便或血浆中的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和总脂肪酸谱的差异，作为与健康犬相比的食物不耐受性（FRE）的可能指标。FRE犬血浆α-生育酚浓度较低（P = 0.026），α-生育酚是动物氧化状态的指标，与对照犬相比，其C20:5n-3（P = 0.033）、C22:5n-3（P = 0.005）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）（P = 0.021）和n-6（P = 0.041）含量较低；此外，患病犬血浆C20:3n-6比例较高（P = 0.0056）。患有FRE的犬粪便中SCFAs的产生减少，主要是丙酸（C3）（P = 0.0001）和异戊酸（iC5）（P = 0.014）。FRE犬C15:0（P = 0.0003）、C16:1n-9（P = 0.0095）、C16:1n-7（P = 0.0001）、C20:5n-3（P = 0.0034）和单不饱和脂肪酸（P = 0.0315）的比例也较低，与对照组相比，粪便中的n-3含量趋于降低（P = 0.058），去饱和酶活性指数降低。然而，患有慢性肠病的犬粪便中C20:4n-6含量往往较高（P = 0.065），这是肠道损伤的迹象。粪便参数比血浆更能预测FRE。在粪便奇数链、中链或长链脂肪酸与SCFAs之间观察到最高的相关性，C15:0与粪便乙酸（C2）呈正相关（r = 0.72，P = 0.004）、丙酸（r = 0.95，P = 0.0001）、异丁酸（iC4）（r = 0.59，P = 0.027）和异戊酸（r = 0.64，P = 0.0136），以及与总SCFAs（r = 0.61，P = 0.02）。相反，粪便C20:4n-6与C2和C3呈高度负相关（r = -0.83，P = 0.0002）（r = -0.59，P = 0.027）。犬炎症性肠病（IBD）活动（CIBDAI）指数主要与粪便测量值呈负相关，如C3（r = -0.869，P = 0.0005）和C15:0（r = -0.825，P = 0.0018），其次是C16:1/C16:0（r = -0.66，P = 0.0374）和iC5（r = -0.648，P = 0.0310），这表明这些脂肪酸可能是慢性炎症状态，特别是FRE的良好非侵入性指标。
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