Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Sep;23(7):501-516. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2021.2013095. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
People with severe mental illnesses (SMI: schizophrenia, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder) have a high risk of being infected by viruses and suffer a more severe infection illness course than the general population. The aim of this literature review was to elucidate rates as well as immunogenicity and side effects of vaccinations in SMI.
All studies in the English or German language, which investigated either prevalence rates or effects of vaccinations in the target groups, were systematically searched in the databank PubMed by three independent authors using the PRISMA guidelines and discussed in more detail.
The search found 24 studies reporting epidemiological data and 16 investigating immunogenicity of vaccinations. The results on prevalence rates, antibody production, inflammation response and side effects were inconsistent. About interactions with psychotropic medication, only two studies on clozapine were found.
Only a few trials with heterogeneous samples have investigated prevalence and effects of vaccinations in SMI. Sex, age and other factors such as somatic comorbidities and special vaccination programmes have not been considered continuously and may influence rates as well. As individuals with SMI might be at special risk, further research on the willingness to be vaccinated as well as efficacy of vaccinations is needed.
患有严重精神疾病（SMI：精神分裂症、抑郁症、双相情感障碍）的人感染病毒的风险较高，且感染后的疾病进程比一般人群更为严重。本文献综述旨在阐明 SMI 人群中的疫苗接种率、免疫原性和副作用。
三位独立作者使用 PRISMA 指南在英文或德文数据库 PubMed 中系统地搜索了所有调查目标人群中疫苗接种率或效果的研究，并进行了更详细的讨论。
搜索结果发现了 24 项报告流行病学数据的研究和 16 项调查疫苗接种免疫原性的研究。关于疫苗接种率、抗体产生、炎症反应和副作用的结果不一致。关于与精神药物相互作用的研究，仅发现了两项关于氯氮平的研究。
只有少数试验具有异质样本，研究了 SMI 中的疫苗接种率和效果。性别、年龄和其他因素，如躯体合并症和特殊的疫苗接种计划，并没有被连续考虑，也可能会影响疫苗接种率。由于 SMI 患者可能面临特殊风险，因此需要进一步研究接种意愿和疫苗接种的效果。
