School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Jan 11;22(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02721-w.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is represented as the most common liver disease worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic risk factors underpinned by insulin resistance, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, leading to extrahepatic changes in central nervous diseases such as cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The aim of the review is to explore the association between NAFLD and cognitive function.
Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic electronic literature search was conducted in four databases: MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase and CINAHL from inception until March 2021. Neuropsychological tests utilised within each study were grouped into relevant cognitive domains including 'general cognition', 'reasoning', 'mental speed, attention and psychomotor speed', 'memory and learning', 'language', 'visuospatial perception' and 'ideas, abstraction, figural creations and mental flexibility'.
Eleven observational studies that involved 7978 participants with a mean age of 51 years were included. Those with NAFLD had poor cognitive performance in three cognitive domains, including 'general cognition', 'mental speed, attention and psychomotor speed', and 'ideas, abstraction, figural creations and mental flexibility'.
The observed results from the 11 included studies showed that NAFLD was associated with lower cognitive performance across several domains. However, studies conducted to date are limited to observational designs and are heterogeneous with varying diagnostic tools used to assess cognitive function.
PROSPERO Registration: CRD42020161640 .
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是全球最常见的肝脏疾病。NAFLD 与代谢危险因素有关，这些危险因素由胰岛素抵抗、炎症和内皮功能障碍引起，导致中枢神经系统疾病的肝外变化，如认知障碍、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆。本综述的目的是探讨 NAFLD 与认知功能之间的关系。
使用 PRISMA 指南，在四个数据库中进行了系统的电子文献检索：MEDLINE、PsychINFO、Embase 和 CINAHL，检索时间从开始到 2021 年 3 月。每个研究中使用的神经心理学测试被分为相关的认知领域，包括“一般认知”、“推理”、“心理速度、注意力和精神运动速度”、“记忆和学习”、“语言”、“视觉空间感知”和“思想、抽象、图形创作和心理灵活性”。
共纳入 11 项观察性研究，涉及 7978 名平均年龄为 51 岁的参与者。患有 NAFLD 的患者在三个认知领域的认知表现较差，包括“一般认知”、“心理速度、注意力和精神运动速度”和“思想、抽象、图形创作和心理灵活性”。
从纳入的 11 项研究中观察到的结果表明，NAFLD 与几个认知领域的认知表现下降有关。然而，迄今为止进行的研究仅限于观察性设计，并且使用不同的诊断工具评估认知功能，存在异质性。
PROSPERO 注册：CRD42020161640。
