Glazova O V, Vorontsova M V, Sakr N, Shevkova L V, Onyanov N A, Kaziakhmedova S A, Volchkov P Y
Endocrinology Research Centre; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University).
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University).
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2021 Dec 2;67(6):80-89. doi: 10.14341/probl12818.
Our current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms in tissues and organs during normal and pathological conditions opens up substantial prospects for the development of novel approaches to treatment of various diseases. For instance, lifelong replacement therapy is no longer mandatory for the management of some monogenic hereditary diseases. Genome editing techniques that have emerged in the last decade are being actively investigated as tools for correcting mutations in affected organs. Furthermore, new protocols for obtaining various types of human and animal cells and cellular systems are evolving, increasingly reflecting the real structures in vivo. These methods, together with the accompanying gene and cell therapy, are being actively developed and several approaches are already undergoing clinical trials. Adrenal insufficiency caused by a variety of factors can potentially be the target of such therapeutic strategies. The adrenal gland is a highly organized organ, with multiple structural components interacting with each other via a complex network of endocrine and paracrine signals. This review summarizes the findings of studies in the field of structural organization and functioning of the adrenal gland at the molecular level, as well as the modern approaches to the treatment of adrenal pathologies.
我们目前对组织和器官在正常及病理状态下分子和细胞机制的理解，为开发各种疾病的新型治疗方法开辟了广阔前景。例如，终身替代疗法不再是治疗某些单基因遗传病的必要手段。过去十年中出现的基因组编辑技术正在作为纠正受影响器官中突变的工具而被积极研究。此外，获取各种类型的人类和动物细胞及细胞系统的新方案不断发展，越来越多地反映体内的真实结构。这些方法连同伴随的基因和细胞疗法正在积极开发，并且有几种方法已经在进行临床试验。由多种因素引起的肾上腺功能不全可能成为此类治疗策略的目标。肾上腺是一个高度有组织的器官，其多个结构成分通过复杂的内分泌和旁分泌信号网络相互作用。本综述总结了肾上腺在分子水平上的结构组织和功能领域的研究结果，以及肾上腺疾病的现代治疗方法。
