University Pitágoras UNOPAR, Londrina, PR, BRAZIL.
Exercise Science Department, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 May 1;54(5):807-813. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002855. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Resistance training (RT) combined with appropriate dietary intake can promote a concomitant increase in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and reduction in fat mass, a condition termed body recomposition. This study's primary purpose was to explore the effects of protein ingestion on body recomposition after 24 wk of RT in older women.
Data from 130 untrained older women (68.7 ± 5.6 yr, 66.5 ± 11.5 kg, 155.5 ± 6.0 cm, and 27.4 ± 4.0 kg·m-2) across six studies were retrospectively analyzed. The participants were divided into tertiles according to their customary protein intake (g·kg-1·d-1): lower (LP; n = 45), moderate (MP; n = 42), and higher (HP; n = 43) protein intake. Participants performed a whole-body RT program carried out over 24 wk (eight exercises, three sets, 8-15 repetitions, three sessions a week). SMM and fat mass were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
All groups increased SMM from baseline (P < 0.05), with the HP and MP groups showing greater increases than the LP group (LP, 2.3%; MP, 5.4%; and HP, 5.1%; P < 0.05). Reductions in fat mass were similar for all three groups (LP, 1.7%; MP, 3.7%; and HP, 3.1%; P > 0.05). The composite z-score of the percentage changes from pretraining to posttraining indicated greater positive body recomposition values for HP and MP compared with LP (P < 0.05).
Results suggest that protein intake is a moderating variable for body recomposition in older women undergoing RT, with a low protein intake having a less favorable effect on body recomposition.
抗阻训练（RT）结合适当的饮食摄入可以促进骨骼肌质量（SMM）的同时增加和脂肪质量的减少，这种情况称为身体成分再构成。本研究的主要目的是探讨蛋白质摄入对老年女性接受 24 周 RT 后身体成分再构成的影响。
回顾性分析了来自六项研究的 130 名未经训练的老年女性（68.7±5.6 岁、66.5±11.5kg、155.5±6.0cm 和 27.4±4.0kg·m-2）的数据。根据其习惯蛋白质摄入量（g·kg-1·d-1）将参与者分为三分位：低蛋白（LP；n=45）、中蛋白（MP；n=42）和高蛋白（HP；n=43）摄入组。参与者进行了为期 24 周的全身 RT 计划（八项运动，三组，8-15 次重复，每周三次）。通过双能 X 射线吸收法测定 SMM 和脂肪量。
所有组的 SMM 均从基线增加（P<0.05），HP 和 MP 组的增加大于 LP 组（LP，2.3%；MP，5.4%；HP，5.1%；P<0.05）。所有三组的脂肪量减少相似（LP，1.7%；MP，3.7%；HP，3.1%；P>0.05）。从训练前到训练后的百分比变化的综合 z 分数表明，HP 和 MP 组的身体成分再构成值比 LP 组更积极（P<0.05）。
结果表明，蛋白质摄入是老年女性接受 RT 时身体成分再构成的调节变量，低蛋白摄入对身体成分再构成的影响较差。
