Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2022 Feb 1;58(10):1495-1509. doi: 10.1039/d1cc05717k.
Lipid droplets (LDs) have been known as a non-negligible cellular organelle for lipid storage and metabolism. Fluorescent probes for imaging LDs would be paramount for depicting their functions in cells. Although commercially available Nile Red and BODIPY 493/503 have been widely used for labelling LDs, they exhibit unsatisfactory specificity and spectroscopic properties. This feature article reviews the recent advances in organic fluorescent probes for imaging LDs. We first introduce the key points for probe design, including regulating hydrophobicity and enhancing fluorescence quantum yield in LDs. Then, we summarize the structural features and biological applications of some representative LD probes classified by their frameworks. In addition, the current challenges and future research trends for the fluorescent probes of LDs are discussed as well.
脂滴（LDs）作为脂质储存和代谢的重要细胞器已广为人知。用于成像 LD 的荧光探针对于描绘其在细胞中的功能至关重要。尽管商业上可用的尼罗红和 BODIPY 493/503 已被广泛用于标记 LD，但它们的特异性和光谱性质并不令人满意。本文综述了用于成像 LD 的有机荧光探针的最新进展。我们首先介绍了探针设计的要点，包括调节疏水性和增强 LD 中的荧光量子产率。然后，我们根据框架对一些有代表性的 LD 探针的结构特征和生物学应用进行了总结。此外，还讨论了 LD 荧光探针目前面临的挑战和未来的研究趋势。
