Lee Jung-Hoon, Song Yeoungsuk
College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2021 Dec;51(6):689-702. doi: 10.4040/jkan.21160.
This study aimed to develop a situation-specific theory to explain nurses' experiences of the COVID-19 crisis.
The participants were 16 hospital nurses who experienced the COVID-19 crisis. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews from September 2, 2020 to January 20, 2021. Transcribed interview contents were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory method.
A total of 38 concepts and 13 categories were identified through an open coding process. The core category found was becoming a pioneering nurse who turns crises into opportunities. The causal conditions were the chaos of being exposed defenselessly to an unexpected pandemic, fear caused by a nursing care field reminiscent of a battlefield, and moral distress from failing to protect patients' human dignity. The contextual conditions were feeling like the scapegoat of the hospital organization, increasing uncertainty due to the unpredictable state of COVID-19, and relative deprivation due to inappropriate treatment. The central phenomenon was suffering alone while experiencing the dedication of the COVID-19 hero image. The action/interactional strategy were efforts to find a breakthrough and getting the nurse's mind right, and the intervening conditions were gratitude for those who care for broken hearts and getting used to myself with repetitive work. The Consequences were becoming an independent nurse and frustration with the unchanging reality.
This study provides the foundation for the nurse's situation-specific theory of the COVID-19 crisis by defining the crisis perceived by nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients and suggesting types of coping with the crisis.
本研究旨在构建一种情境特定理论，以解释护士在新冠疫情危机中的经历。
研究对象为16名经历过新冠疫情危机的医院护士。于2020年9月2日至2021年1月20日通过深入的个人访谈收集数据。采用柯宾和施特劳斯的扎根理论方法对转录的访谈内容进行分析。
通过开放式编码过程共识别出38个概念和13个类别。发现的核心类别是成为将危机转化为机遇的开拓型护士。因果条件包括毫无防备地暴露于意外大流行的混乱、护理领域类似战场所引发的恐惧以及未能保护患者人格尊严所导致的道德困扰。情境条件包括感觉像是医院组织的替罪羊、由于新冠疫情的不可预测状态导致不确定性增加以及因待遇不当而产生的相对剥夺感。核心现象是在经历新冠英雄形象的奉献时独自承受痛苦。行动/互动策略是努力寻找突破并调整护士的心态，干预条件是对那些关心破碎心灵的人的感激以及通过重复性工作习惯自我。结果是成为一名独立的护士以及对不变现实的沮丧。
本研究通过界定护理新冠患者的护士所感知的危机并提出应对危机的类型，为护士针对新冠疫情危机的情境特定理论奠定了基础。
