Aslankoohi Neda, Mequanint Kibret
School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020 Jun 15;3(6):3621-3630. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00257. Epub 2020 May 20.
Designing bioactive materials for repairing or regenerating bone defects is an active area of research and discovery. Despite advances made in sol-gel-derived hybrid biomaterials design, three challenges remain: (i) the choice of biodegradable polymers that can form a homogeneous solution in the presence of water is very limited, (ii) low-temperature (below 50 °C) incorporation of calcium into the inorganic matrix while having molecular-level mixing has proven to be a difficult task, and (iii) incorporation of drug-loaded mesoporous nanoparticles into polymer-bioactive glass hybrid scaffolds has not been achieved. In this study, we developed bioactive biomaterials for bone repair/regeneration from an α-amino acid-derived biodegradable poly(ester amide) (PEA) and a tertiary bioglass (SiO-CaO-PO), where calcium was incorporated into the glass network at ambient temperature. Furthermore, drug-loaded functional mesoporous silica nanoparticles prepared by surfactant templating were successfully incorporated into PEA-bioglass porous scaffolds. The resulting homogenous single-phase materials showed deposition of hydroxyapatite on their surfaces, supported mesenchymal stem cell attachment and proliferation, and showed a sustained and slow release of a model compound. Taken together, these biomaterials have the potential to be used as a bifunctional platform for bone regeneration via ion release and biomolecule delivery.
设计用于修复或再生骨缺损的生物活性材料是一个活跃的研究和发现领域。尽管在溶胶 - 凝胶衍生的混合生物材料设计方面取得了进展，但仍存在三个挑战：（i）在水存在下能形成均匀溶液的可生物降解聚合物的选择非常有限，（ii）在分子水平混合的同时将钙在低温（低于50°C）下掺入无机基质已被证明是一项艰巨的任务，以及（iii）将载药介孔纳米颗粒掺入聚合物 - 生物活性玻璃混合支架尚未实现。在本研究中，我们从α - 氨基酸衍生的可生物降解聚（酯酰胺）（PEA）和三元生物玻璃（SiO - CaO - PO）开发了用于骨修复/再生的生物活性生物材料，其中钙在室温下被掺入玻璃网络中。此外，通过表面活性剂模板制备的载药功能性介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒成功地掺入了PEA - 生物玻璃多孔支架中。所得的均匀单相材料在其表面显示出羟基磷灰石的沉积，支持间充质干细胞的附着和增殖，并显示出模型化合物的持续缓慢释放。综上所述，这些生物材料有潜力用作通过离子释放和生物分子递送实现骨再生的双功能平台。
