Gonnering R S
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Adv Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1987;7:171-80.
Although periorbital and orbital dog bites are rare, they most frequently occur in young children and commonly involve significant associated adnexal injuries. In most cases, the dog is either the family pet or is otherwise known to the victim. The exact precipitating event is usually unknown. Most victims are treated by a physician soon after injury, and can be reconstructed primarily following meticulous local wound care, including adequate irrigation. Infection is rare, but because of its potentially disastrous consequences, prophylactic treatment with penicillinase-resistant penicillin or cephalosporin seems indicated. Serious, potentially fatal consequences due to underlying intracranial injury in children under aged 2 years, fatal septicemia in splenectomized individuals, tetanus, and rabies must be considered by ophthalmologists who treat such patients.
虽然眼眶周围和眼眶被狗咬伤的情况很少见，但最常发生于幼儿，且通常伴有严重的附属器损伤。在大多数情况下，狗是家庭宠物或受害者认识的。确切的诱发事件通常不明。大多数受害者受伤后很快就会接受医生治疗，经过细致的局部伤口护理，包括充分冲洗后，可进行一期修复。感染很少见，但由于其可能产生灾难性后果，似乎需要用耐青霉素酶的青霉素或头孢菌素进行预防性治疗。治疗此类患者的眼科医生必须考虑到2岁以下儿童潜在的颅内损伤、脾切除者的致命败血症、破伤风和狂犬病等严重的、可能致命的后果。
