Musacchio Estella, Binotto Pierluigi, Silva-Netto Fatima, Perissinotto Egle, Sartori Leonardo
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Dental Clinic Binotto Srl, via M. Polo 10, Padova, Italy.
J Dent Sci. 2022 Jan;17(1):528-534. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.06.023. Epub 2021 Aug 5.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Genetics plays a role in the susceptibility to periodontitis and tooth loss. Several studies examined the involvement of polymorphisms in candidate genes. We hypothesize that bone metabolism-related polymorphisms could be associated with the number of remaining teeth.
Participants in the Pro.V.A. longitudinal Study: 3099 Italians (aged 65+ at baseline), 2196 at follow-up 1 (5yrs), 1641 at follow-up 2 (7yrs) underwent detailed interview and clinical-instrumental examination. Subjects, grouped by remaining teeth number (0, 1-7, 8-19, 20+), were genotyped for six different bone-related polymorphisms: collagen type Iα1 (COL1A1, Sp1, alleles, n = 1068), vitamin D receptor (VDR, Fok I, alleles, n = 300), calcitonin receptor (CALCR, Alu I, alleles, n = 1430), estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1, Pvu II and Xba I, and alleles, n = 1335 and n = 1324).
COL1A1 associated with dental status: carriers had reduced incident tooth loss (p < 0.05). The low frequency of this genotype, 3.6% in the whole population, didn't grant sufficient statistical power to other findings, such as the lower prevalence of edentulism, consistent throughout the study. In men, genotype of CALCR was associated with higher tooth loss between follow ups (p < 0.05). Biochemical markers of inflammation didn't differ by genotype. Confounders such as diabetes, neoplasms, and smoking hampered the detrimental effect of allele in the logistic regression analysis (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, p = 0.06).
The present study, demonstrating an association between tooth loss and COL1A1 and -in men- CALCR, contributes to the identification of genes involved in tooth loss and, possibly, susceptibility to periodontitis.
背景/目的：遗传学在牙周炎易感性和牙齿缺失方面发挥作用。多项研究探讨了候选基因多态性的影响。我们假设与骨代谢相关的多态性可能与剩余牙齿数量有关。
参与Pro.V.A.纵向研究的对象为3099名意大利人（基线年龄65岁及以上），随访1（5年）时有2196人，随访2（7年）时有1641人，他们接受了详细访谈和临床仪器检查。根据剩余牙齿数量（0颗、1 - 7颗、8 - 19颗、20颗及以上）分组，对六种不同的骨相关多态性进行基因分型：I型胶原蛋白α1（COL1A1，Sp1，等位基因，n = 1068）、维生素D受体（VDR，Fok I，等位基因，n = 300）、降钙素受体（CALCR，Alu I，等位基因，n = 1430）、雌激素受体α（ESR1，Pvu II和Xba I，和等位基因，n = 1335和n = 1324）。
COL1A1与牙齿状况相关：携带者牙齿丧失发生率降低（p < 0.05）。该基因型在总体人群中的低频性（3.6%）使得其他发现（如无牙患病率较低，在整个研究中一致）缺乏足够的统计效力。在男性中，CALCR的基因型与随访期间较高的牙齿丧失相关（p < 0.05）。炎症的生化标志物在不同基因型之间无差异。糖尿病、肿瘤和吸烟等混杂因素在逻辑回归分析中削弱了等位基因的有害影响（OR = 0.67，95% CI 0.4 - 1.0，p = 0.06）。
本研究表明牙齿丧失与COL1A1以及男性中的CALCR之间存在关联，有助于确定参与牙齿丧失以及可能参与牙周炎易感性的基因。
