一项关于赋权社区卫生工作者开展健康教育对改善高血压治疗和饮食依从性影响评估的干预性研究。

An Intervention Study for Impact Assessment of Health Education by Empowered Community Health Workers in Improving Treatment and Diet Adherence in Hypertension.

作者信息

Lukitasari Mifetika, Nugroho Dwi Adi, Rohman Mohammad Saifur, Mardhotillah Hanna, Natasya Dennis Eristya, Fitriyawati Fitriyawati, Kristianingrum Niko Dima, Wibisono Ahmad Hasyim

机构信息

Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Java, Indonesia.

Department of Community Empowerment, Cardiovascular Research Group, Brawijaya University, Malang, Java, Indonesia.

出版信息

Indian J Community Med. 2021 Oct-Dec;46(4):618-621. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_895_20. Epub 2021 Dec 8.

DOI:10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_895_20

PMID:35068721

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8729301/

Abstract

CONTEXT

Medication and low salt diet adherence play as an essential factor in blood pressure target achievement. Community health worker empowerment was reported to be a highly effective social intervention to medication and low salt diet adherence.

AIMS

This study aimed to investigate the effect of structured health education regarding hypertension on community health workers on medication and low salt diet adherence among hypertensive patients in Malang.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

A quasi-experimental study was conducted in health workers and their hypertensive patients who join in the Integrated Health Service Post for the Elderly (IHSP-Elderly) program in Malang. Medication adherence was measured by the medication adherence questionnaire and low salt diet adherence was measured by dietary salt restriction questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Chi-square analysis for categorical data and independent -test for numerical data.

RESULTS

This study showed that hypertensive patients in the intervention group had better knowledge regarding hypertension compared to those of the control group ( < 0.05). The patients' satisfaction in intervention group improved significantly after health education ( < 0.01). The proportion of patients with good medication adherence improved significantly ( < 0.01) from 20% to 70% after health education in intervention group. Moreover, the proportion of patients with good low salt diet compliance improved significantly ( < 0.01) from 39% to 85%. Conversely, the proportion of good medication and low salt diet adherence in control group relatively similar between pre- and post-test.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that health education on community health workers improved hypertensive patients' medication and low salt diet adherence.

摘要

背景

药物治疗和低盐饮食依从性是实现血压目标的关键因素。据报道，增强社区卫生工作者的能力是提高药物治疗和低盐饮食依从性的一种非常有效的社会干预措施。

目的

本研究旨在调查针对社区卫生工作者开展的高血压结构化健康教育对玛琅高血压患者药物治疗和低盐饮食依从性的影响。

对象与方法

在玛琅参加老年综合健康服务站（IHSP-老年）项目的卫生工作者及其高血压患者中进行了一项准实验研究。通过药物依从性问卷测量药物依从性，通过饮食盐限制问卷测量低盐饮食依从性。分类数据采用卡方分析，数值数据采用独立样本t检验进行数据分析。

结果

本研究表明，与对照组相比，干预组的高血压患者对高血压的了解程度更高（P<0.05）。健康教育后，干预组患者的满意度显著提高（P<0.01）。干预组健康教育后，药物依从性良好的患者比例从20%显著提高到70%（P<0.01）。此外，低盐饮食依从性良好的患者比例从39%显著提高到85%（P<0.01）。相反，对照组药物和低盐饮食依从性良好的比例在测试前后相对相似。