Emerg Infect Dis. 2022 Feb;28(2):347-353. doi: 10.3201/eid2802.211848.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using claims data to determine the number and types of complications from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that patients experience and which patients are more vulnerable to those complications compared with complications in patients with influenza. Among the cohort, 19.6% of COVID-19 patients and 28.5% of influenza patients had >1 new complication. In most complications, COVID-19 patients had lower or similar relative risk compared with influenza patients; exceptions were hair loss, heart failure, mood disorder, and dementia. Young to middle-aged adult COVID-19 patients and patients in COVID-19 hotspots had a higher risk for complications. Overall, COVID-19 patients had fewer complications than influenza patients, but caution is necessary in high-risk groups. If the fatality rate for COVID-19 is reduced through vaccination, management strategies for this disease could be adapted, similar to those for influenza management, such as easing restrictions on economic activity or requirements for close-contact isolation.
我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，使用索赔数据来确定 COVID-19 患者经历的并发症的数量和类型，以及与流感患者相比，哪些患者更容易发生这些并发症。在队列中，19.6%的 COVID-19 患者和 28.5%的流感患者出现了>1 种新的并发症。在大多数并发症中，COVID-19 患者的相对风险低于或与流感患者相似；脱发、心力衰竭、情绪障碍和痴呆除外。年轻到中年的 COVID-19 患者和 COVID-19 热点地区的患者发生并发症的风险更高。总的来说，COVID-19 患者的并发症比流感患者少，但在高危人群中仍需谨慎。如果 COVID-19 的死亡率通过疫苗接种降低，那么这种疾病的管理策略可以进行调整，类似于流感管理策略，例如放宽对经济活动的限制或对密切接触者隔离的要求。
