Phillips Savage Ayanna Carla N, Frontera-Acevedo Karelma
Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago W.I.
Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago W.I.
Case Rep Vet Med. 2022 Jan 17;2022:2199005. doi: 10.1155/2022/2199005. eCollection 2022.
Bichirs (s spp.) have frequently been studied with regard to comparative and developmental anatomy; however, very little information has been published regarding diseases, aging changes, and medical and surgical management in these species. Neoplasia represents one such example of conditions for which a dearth of information in these species exists. There has been increasing recognition of various types of neoplasms, including cutaneous tumors, particularly in ornamental fish; some of which may be related to environmental or to infectious causes. When excision of such tumors is indicated, surgical anaesthesia is required. However, special considerations may be warranted when employing immersion anaesthesia protocols in facultative air-breathing fish that can utilise the lungs for respiration. This anatomophysiological feature of spp. may not only influence induction and maintenance of surgical anaesthesia but may theoretically have implications for drowning. Herein, we describe the management of a case of a rapidly growing gular neoplasm in a juvenile saddled bichir and considerations for surgical anaesthesia in this "lunged" species. Induction and maintenance of surgical anaesthesia using tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) in this species were found to be effective at significantly lower concentrations than standard recommended doses. Histopathological analysis identified the mass as a fibrosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a cutaneous fibrosarcoma in a bichir, representing the first report of neoplasia in s spp. and the first description of surgical anaesthesia in this amphibious fish.
多鳍鱼（Polypterus spp.）在比较解剖学和发育解剖学方面经常被研究；然而，关于这些物种的疾病、衰老变化以及医学和外科治疗的信息却很少被发表。肿瘤形成就是这类信息匮乏的情况之一。人们越来越认识到各种类型的肿瘤，包括皮肤肿瘤，特别是在观赏鱼中；其中一些可能与环境或感染原因有关。当需要切除此类肿瘤时，就需要进行手术麻醉。然而，在能够利用肺部进行呼吸的兼性空气呼吸鱼类中采用浸泡麻醉方案时，可能需要特别考虑。多鳍鱼的这种解剖生理特征不仅可能影响手术麻醉的诱导和维持，而且理论上可能与溺水有关。在此，我们描述了一例幼年鞍背多鳍鱼快速生长的喉部肿瘤病例的处理以及对这种“有肺”物种进行手术麻醉的注意事项。发现在该物种中使用甲磺酸三卡因（MS - 222）诱导和维持手术麻醉时，所需浓度明显低于标准推荐剂量且效果良好。组织病理学分析确定该肿块为纤维肉瘤。据我们所知，这是关于多鳍鱼皮肤纤维肉瘤的首次报告，代表了多鳍鱼属肿瘤形成的首次报告以及对这种两栖鱼类手术麻醉的首次描述。
