Habibi Navid, Pourjavadi Ali
Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-9516, Iran.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Feb 9;14(5):7329-7339. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c22594. Epub 2022 Jan 28.
The rapid and effective separation of high-viscosity heavy crude oil from seawater is a worldwide challenge. Herein, an ultralow density, photothermal, superhydrophobic, and thermally conductive polyurethane/polyaniline/hexagonal boron nitride@FeO/polyacrylic-oleic acid resin sponge (PU/PANI/h-BN@FeO/AR) was fabricated with a water contact angle (WCA) of 158°, thermal conductivity of 0.76 W m K, density of 0.038 g cm, limited oxygen index (LOI) of 28.82%, and porosity of 97.97% and used for solar-assisted separation of high-viscosity crude oil from water. Photothermal components were composed of PANI and FeO, while h-BN particles were used as thermally conductive and flame retardant fillers. Therefore, the illuminated sunlight irradiation on the modified sponge was converted to heat due to the activity of photothermal components. The produced heat was rapidly transferred to the environment due to the presence of h-BN for increasing the temperature of the high-viscosity crude oil and reducing oil viscosity that helped to promote its fluidity and effective absorption. The crude oil absorption capacity of this sponge increased from 4 to 57 g g under irradiation of a sunlight simulator (power: 1 sun: 1 kW m) for 17 min due to oil viscosity reduction from 2.46 × 10 to below 100 mPa s followed by an increase in the surface temperature from 26 to 89 °C. Also, the oil absorption capacity was evaluated in a static state (172 g g for chloroform), under different external magnetic fields (140.7 g g for gasoline), and in a continuous state, which was 65,100 times of its own weight in the gasoline filtration process. The PU/PANI/h-BN@FeO/AR sponge exhibited excellent stability against 20 times of reusing, mechanical compression, abrasion, immersing in various pH solutions, seawater, and high temperature. In all, the results confirmed that the prepared sponge is an excellent absorbent for organic solvents and highly viscous crude oil in the absence and presence of sunlight irradiation.
从海水中快速有效地分离高粘度重质原油是一项全球性挑战。在此，制备了一种超低密度、光热、超疏水且导热的聚氨酯/聚苯胺/六方氮化硼@氧化亚铁/聚丙烯酸 - 油酸树脂海绵（PU/PANI/h - BN@FeO/AR），其水接触角（WCA）为158°，热导率为0.76 W m⁻¹K⁻¹，密度为0.038 g cm⁻³，极限氧指数（LOI）为28.82%，孔隙率为97.97%，并用于太阳能辅助从水中分离高粘度原油。光热组分由聚苯胺和氧化亚铁组成，而六方氮化硼颗粒用作导热和阻燃填料。因此，由于光热组分的活性，照射在改性海绵上的阳光被转化为热量。由于六方氮化硼的存在，产生的热量迅速传递到环境中，从而提高高粘度原油的温度并降低油的粘度，这有助于促进其流动性和有效吸收。在阳光模拟器（功率：1个太阳：1 kW m⁻²）照射17分钟后，由于油粘度从2.46×10³ mPa·s降低到100 mPa·s以下，且表面温度从26℃升高到89℃，该海绵的原油吸收容量从4 g g增加到57 g g。此外，还在静态（氯仿为172 g g）、不同外部磁场（汽油为140.7 g g）和连续状态下评估了吸油能力，在汽油过滤过程中其吸油能力为自身重量的65100倍。PU/PANI/h - BN@FeO/AR海绵在20次重复使用、机械压缩、磨损、浸泡在各种pH值溶液、海水中以及高温下均表现出优异的稳定性。总之，结果证实所制备的海绵在有无阳光照射的情况下都是有机溶剂和高粘度原油的优异吸收剂。
