Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd., Level 4, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jan 29;22(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12509-1.
Hypertension and type 2 diabetes are associated with each other, and their coexistence is linked to diabetes-related complications such as stroke, coronary artery disease, kidney disease, retinopathy and diabetic foot. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension and factors associated with hypertension among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Bangladesh.
A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted in 2017, and data from 1252 adults with T2DM were collected from six hospitals that specialise in diabetes care. These hospitals provide primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare and cover the rural and urban populations of Bangladesh. Cross-sectional data were collected from patients via face-to-face interviews, and retrospective data were collected from patients' past medical records (medical passport), locally known as the patients' guidebook or record book. The associations between hypertension and its related factors were examined using the bootstrapping method with multiple logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders.
The mean age of participants was 55.14 (± 12.51) years. Hypertension was found to be present among 67.2% of participants, and 95.8% were aware that they had it. Of these, 79.5% attained the blood pressure control. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.86 (± 7.73) years. The variables that were found to be related to hypertension include an age of above 60 years, physical inactivity, being overweight or obese, a longer duration of diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
The prevalence of hypertension as well as its awareness and control were very high among people with known type 2 diabetes. As there is a strong relationship between hypertension and diabetes, patients with diabetes should have their blood pressure regularly monitored to prevent major diabetes-related complications.
高血压和 2 型糖尿病相互关联，两者并存与糖尿病相关并发症有关，如中风、冠心病、肾病、视网膜病变和糖尿病足。本研究旨在确定孟加拉国 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中高血压的流行率、知晓率和控制率以及与高血压相关的因素。
本研究于 2017 年开展了一项横断面和回顾性研究，从六家专门治疗糖尿病的医院收集了 1252 名 T2DM 成年患者的数据。这些医院提供初级、二级和三级医疗服务，覆盖了孟加拉国的农村和城市人口。通过面对面访谈从患者处收集横断面数据，并从患者的既往病历（医疗护照）中收集回顾性数据，在当地被称为患者手册或记录簿。使用 bootstrap 方法和多因素逻辑回归来调整潜在混杂因素，检验高血压及其相关因素之间的关联。
参与者的平均年龄为 55.14（±12.51）岁。67.2%的参与者存在高血压，95.8%的人知晓自己患有高血压。其中，79.5%的人血压得到了控制。糖尿病的平均病程为 10.86（±7.73）年。与高血压相关的变量包括年龄在 60 岁以上、缺乏身体活动、超重或肥胖、糖尿病病程较长和慢性肾脏病。
在已知患有 2 型糖尿病的人群中，高血压的流行率以及其知晓率和控制率均非常高。由于高血压和糖尿病之间存在很强的关系，因此应定期监测糖尿病患者的血压，以预防主要的糖尿病相关并发症。
