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为超导量子系统设计微波到红外噪声光子通量。

Engineering the microwave to infrared noise photon flux for superconducting quantum systems.

作者信息

Danilin Sergey, Barbosa João, Farage Michael, Zhao Zimo, Shang Xiaobang, Burnett Jonathan, Ridler Nick, Li Chong, Weides Martin

机构信息

James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK.

National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, TW11 0LW UK.

出版信息

EPJ Quantum Technol. 2022;9(1):1. doi: 10.1140/epjqt/s40507-022-00121-6. Epub 2022 Jan 15.

DOI:10.1140/epjqt/s40507-022-00121-6
PMID:35098151
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8761155/
Abstract

Electromagnetic filtering is essential for the coherent control, operation and readout of superconducting quantum circuits at milliKelvin temperatures. The suppression of spurious modes around transition frequencies of a few GHz is well understood and mainly achieved by on-chip and package considerations. Noise photons of higher frequencies - beyond the pair-breaking energies - cause decoherence and require spectral engineering before reaching the packaged quantum chip. The external wires that pass into the refrigerator and go down to the quantum circuit provide a direct path for these photons. This article contains quantitative analysis and experimental data for the noise photon flux through coaxial, filtered wiring. The attenuation of the coaxial cable at room temperature and the noise photon flux estimates for typical wiring configurations are provided. Compact cryogenic microwave low-pass filters with CR-110 and Esorb-230 absorptive dielectric fillings are presented along with experimental data at room and cryogenic temperatures up to 70 GHz. Filter cut-off frequencies between 1 to 10 GHz are set by the filter length, and the roll-off is material dependent. The relative dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability for the Esorb-230 material in the pair-breaking frequency range of 75 to 110 GHz are measured, and the filter properties in this frequency range are calculated. The estimated dramatic suppression of the noise photon flux due to the filter proves its usefulness for experiments with superconducting quantum systems.

摘要

在毫开尔文温度下，电磁滤波对于超导量子电路的相干控制、操作和读出至关重要。对几吉赫兹跃迁频率附近杂散模式的抑制已得到充分理解，主要通过芯片和封装方面的考虑来实现。高于配对破坏能量的高频噪声光子会导致退相干，在到达封装好的量子芯片之前需要进行频谱工程处理。进入冰箱并连接到量子电路的外部导线为这些光子提供了一条直接路径。本文包含了通过同轴滤波布线的噪声光子通量的定量分析和实验数据。给出了室温下同轴电缆的衰减以及典型布线配置的噪声光子通量估计值。展示了采用CR - 110和Esorb - 230吸收性介电填充物的紧凑型低温微波低通滤波器，以及在室温至70吉赫兹低温下的实验数据。1至10吉赫兹的滤波器截止频率由滤波器长度设定，滚降特性取决于材料。测量了Esorb - 230材料在75至110吉赫兹配对破坏频率范围内的相对介电常数和磁导率，并计算了该频率范围内滤波器的特性。滤波器对噪声光子通量的显著抑制作用证明了其在超导量子系统实验中的实用性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/e0b9a963b2f7/40507_2022_121_Fig12_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/619937e36301/40507_2022_121_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/e0b9a963b2f7/40507_2022_121_Fig12_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/a673bc6d8707/40507_2022_121_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/07a7241ed4b8/40507_2022_121_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/0f5fff7e07c0/40507_2022_121_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/0bc5d6e01021/40507_2022_121_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/1ca017f248c2/40507_2022_121_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/74e182494bee/40507_2022_121_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/e6127f339045/40507_2022_121_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/9f19c4e79d88/40507_2022_121_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/38156d58eeca/40507_2022_121_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/6dae29b544df/40507_2022_121_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/619937e36301/40507_2022_121_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd1a/8761155/e0b9a963b2f7/40507_2022_121_Fig12_HTML.jpg

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