评估在老年人群中收集认知数据的队列研究中的听力和视力障碍。
Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2022 Nov;18(11):2243-2251. doi: 10.1002/alz.12575. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
INTRODUCTION
There are no standard practices for considering sensory impairment in studies measuring cognitive function among older adults. Exclusion of participants with impairments may inaccurately estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia.
METHODS
We surveyed prospective cohort studies measuring cognitive function in older adults, determined the proportion that excluded participants based on sensory impairment and the proportion that assessed each type of sensory impairment, and described the methods of sensory assessment.
RESULTS
Investigators/staff from 85 (of 192 cohorts) responded; 6 (7%) excluded participants with severe impairment; 80 (94%) measured hearing and/or vision impairment, while 5 (6%) measured neither. Thirty-two (38%) cohorts assessed hearing objectively and 45 (53%) assessed vision objectively.
DISCUSSION
Findings indicate variation in methods used to assess sensory impairment, with potential implications for resource allocation. To ensure equitable inclusion of study participants, consensus is needed on best practices standardized protocols for assessment and accommodations of sensory impairment.
简介
在评估老年人认知功能的研究中，没有考虑感官障碍的标准做法。排除有障碍的参与者可能会不准确地估计认知障碍和痴呆症的患病率。
方法
我们调查了评估老年人认知功能的前瞻性队列研究，确定了根据感官障碍排除参与者的比例，以及评估每种感官障碍的比例，并描述了感官评估方法。
结果
来自 85 个（192 个队列中的 85 个）研究人员/工作人员做出了回应；6 个（7%）排除了严重障碍的参与者；80 个（94%）测量了听力和/或视力障碍，而 5 个（6%）则没有测量。32 个（38%）队列客观地评估了听力，45 个（53%）客观地评估了视力。
讨论
研究结果表明，用于评估感官障碍的方法存在差异，这可能对资源分配产生影响。为了确保研究参与者的公平纳入，需要就评估和适应感官障碍的最佳实践标准化协议达成共识。
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