Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Ags, C.P. 20100, Mexico.
Cátedras CONACYT. Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Av. Universidad s/n. Exhacienda 5 señores Oaxaca, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez Oaxaca, Mexico.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 May 10;289:115056. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115056. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Lepidium virginicum L. (Brassicaceae) is a plant widely used in traditional Mexican medicine as an expectorant, diuretic, and as a remedy to treat diarrhea and dysentery, infection-derived gastroenteritis. However, there is no scientific study that validates its clinical use as an anti-inflammatory in the intestine.
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Lepidium virginicum L. (ELv) in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like colitis.
The 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) animal model of IBD was used. Colitis was induced by intrarectal instillation of 200 mg/kg of DNBS dissolved vehicle, 50% ethanol. Control rats only received the vehicle. Six hours posterior to DNBS administration, ELv (3, 30, or 100 mg/kg) was administered daily by gavage or intraperitoneal injection. The onset and course of the inflammatory response were monitored by assessing weight loss, stool consistency, and fecal blood. Colonic damage was evaluated by colon weight/length ratio, histopathology, colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Rats treated with DNBS displayed significant weight loss, diarrhea, fecal blood, colon shortening, a significant increase in immune cell infiltration and MPO activity, as well as increased proinflammatory cytokine expression. Intraperitoneal administration of ELv significantly reduced colon inflammation, whereas oral treatment proved to be ineffective. In fact, intraperitoneal ELv significantly attenuated the clinical manifestations of colitis, immune cell infiltration, MPO activity, and pro-inflammatory (CXCL-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β) gene expression in a dose-dependent manner.
Traditional medicine has employed ELv as a remedy for common infection-derived gastrointestinal symptoms; however, we hereby present the first published study validating its anti-inflammatory properties in the mitigation of DNBS-induced colitis.
Lepidium virginicum L.（十字花科）是一种在传统墨西哥医学中广泛使用的植物，可用作祛痰药、利尿剂，并可治疗腹泻和痢疾、感染性肠胃炎。然而，目前还没有科学研究证实其在肠道中作为抗炎药的临床应用。
本研究旨在研究 Lepidium virginicum L.（ELv）的乙醇提取物在类似炎症性肠病（IBD）的结肠炎动物模型中的抗炎特性。
使用 2,4-二硝基苯磺酸（DNBS）诱导的 IBD 动物模型。通过直肠内灌注 200mg/kg 的 DNBS 溶解在 50%乙醇中的溶液来诱导结肠炎。仅给予对照大鼠载体。DNBS 给药后 6 小时，通过灌胃或腹腔内注射每天给予 ELv（3、30 或 100mg/kg）。通过评估体重减轻、粪便稠度和粪便潜血来监测炎症反应的发生和过程。通过结肠重量/长度比、组织病理学、结肠髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性以及促炎细胞因子（包括肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、趋化因子 C-X-C 基序配体 1（CXCL-1）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6））的基因表达来评估结肠损伤。
用 DNBS 处理的大鼠表现出明显的体重减轻、腹泻、粪便潜血、结肠缩短、免疫细胞浸润和 MPO 活性显著增加，以及促炎细胞因子表达增加。腹腔内给予 ELv 可显著减轻结肠炎症，而口服治疗则无效。事实上，腹腔内给予 ELv 可显著减轻结肠炎的临床表现、免疫细胞浸润、MPO 活性以及促炎（CXCL-1、TNF-α和 IL-1β）基因表达，呈剂量依赖性。
传统医学将 ELv 用作治疗常见感染性胃肠道症状的药物；然而，我们在此首次发表了一项研究，证实了其在减轻 DNBS 诱导的结肠炎中的抗炎特性。
