Chiang Chih-Fan, Villaverde Cecilia, Chang Wei-Chih, Fascetti Andrea J, Larsen Jennifer A
Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Expert Pet Nutrition, Fermoy, Ireland.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2022 May-Jun;48:100640. doi: 10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100640. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Overweight and obesity contribute to a variety of disease processes and negatively affect quality of life in dogs. A considerable number of epidemiological studies performed in a variety of canine communities revealed varied prevalence, and identified associated risk factors, including neutering. Associations between excessive body weight and certain diseases, including orthopedic diseases, were also reported. However, risk factors and disease associations of overweight and obesity in a larger population of dogs seen in recent years at a single referral veterinary hospital remains undefined. The present study utilized descriptive statistics and logistic regression models to characterize prevalence, risk factors, and disease associations of excessive body weight (both overweight and obesity) in 40,038 dogs that visited the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at the University of California, Davis from January 2006 to December 2015. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in 40,038 dogs were 21.1% (n = 8461) and 20.2% (n = 8089) respectively. Dogs that were neutered, female, and considered middle-aged or senior were at increased risk of overweight and obesity. Certain breed types, including Retriever and Spaniel, and certain disease processes, including orthopedic diseases, were also at increased risk of overweight and obesity. Overweight and obesity are prevalent problems, which can benefit from continual education to raise awareness of the scale of the problem to both the veterinary community and the general public. Structured disease surveillance plans monitoring these associated factors also help to guide further research and to better prevent overweight and obesity.
超重和肥胖会引发多种疾病进程，并对犬类的生活质量产生负面影响。在各类犬类群体中进行的大量流行病学研究显示，患病率各不相同，并确定了包括绝育在内的相关风险因素。也有报告指出超重与某些疾病（包括骨科疾病）之间存在关联。然而，近年来在一家转诊兽医医院就诊的大量犬类中，超重和肥胖的风险因素及疾病关联仍不明确。本研究利用描述性统计和逻辑回归模型，对2006年1月至2015年12月期间前往加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校兽医学院教学医院就诊的40,038只犬的超重（包括超重和肥胖）患病率、风险因素及疾病关联进行了描述。40,038只犬中超重和肥胖的总体患病率分别为21.1%（n = 8461）和20.2%（n = 8089）。已绝育、雌性且被认为是中年或老年的犬超重和肥胖的风险更高。某些犬种类型，包括寻回犬和西班牙猎犬，以及某些疾病进程，包括骨科疾病，超重和肥胖的风险也更高。超重和肥胖是普遍存在的问题，持续开展教育以提高兽医界和公众对该问题严重程度的认识会有所助益。监测这些相关因素的结构化疾病监测计划也有助于指导进一步的研究，并更好地预防超重和肥胖。
