阳光照耀 KOLs：评估 2014 年至 2019 年法国专业医学协会领导人和制药行业之间财务联系的性质、程度和演变：一项回顾性研究。
Sunshine on KOLs: assessment of the nature, extent and evolution of financial ties between the leaders of professional medical associations and the pharmaceutical industry in France from 2014 to 2019: a retrospective study.
机构信息
Département d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Médecine Générale, RETINES, HEALTHY, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 [(Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes)], Université de Rennes, Rennes, France.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2022 Feb 2;12(2):e051042. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051042.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the financial relationships between key opinion leader (KOL) or non-KOL physicians and pharmaceutical and device companies in France.
DESIGN
Retrospective and descriptive study.
SETTING
All doctors practising in France, with a focus on 548 KOLs (board members of the professional medical associations that published guidelines in 2018-2019, identified on the associations' websites between 2018 and 2020). Ties were collected from the 'Transparency in Healthcare' database.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The number and the value of gifts from 2014 to 2019, and of remunerations and contractual agreements from 2017 to 2019.
RESULTS
KOLs represented 0.24% of the total number of physicians in France. The total value of gifts declared in the French database for all physicians amounted to €818M (US$936M, £741M). At least one gift was declared for 83% of KOLs. KOLs' gifts represented 0.68% of the total number of gifts to physicians and 1.5% of the total value of gifts, with a mean of €3700 per capita per year.The total value of contractual agreements declared for all physicians amounted to €125M. Contractual agreements involving the KOLs represented 0.72% of the number of contractual agreements with physicians and 2.5% of the value of the agreements, with a mean of €1900 per capita per year.A total of €156M in remunerations were declared for all physicians. KOL remunerations represented 2.3% of the number of physician remunerations and 4.4% of the total value of the remunerations paid to physicians, with a mean of €4100 per capita per year.Almost all professional medical associations (99%) had at least one KOL in their board with a financial tie to the industry, but the amount varied widely among the associations.
CONCLUSION
Financial relationships between KOLs and the industry in France are extensive. KOLs have much more financial ties than non-KOL practitioners.
目的
调查法国关键意见领袖（KOL）或非 KOL 医生与制药和医疗器械公司之间的财务关系。
设计
回顾性和描述性研究。
地点
所有在法国执业的医生，重点关注 548 名 KOL（2018-2019 年发表指南的专业医学协会的董事会成员，在 2018 年至 2020 年期间在协会网站上确定）。联系信息从“医疗保健透明度”数据库中收集。
主要观察指标
2014 年至 2019 年的礼品数量和价值，以及 2017 年至 2019 年的薪酬和合同协议数量。
结果
KOL 占法国医生总数的 0.24%。法国数据库中报告的所有医生的礼品总价值为 8.18 亿欧元（9.36 亿美元，7.41 亿英镑）。至少有一份礼物被报告给了 83%的 KOL。KOL 的礼物占医生收到的礼物总数的 0.68%，占礼物总价值的 1.5%，人均每年 3700 欧元。报告的所有医生的合同协议总价值为 1.25 亿欧元。涉及 KOL 的合同协议占与医生签订的合同协议数量的 0.72%，占协议总价值的 2.5%，人均每年 1900 欧元。报告的所有医生的薪酬总额为 1.56 亿欧元。KOL 的薪酬占医生薪酬总数的 2.3%，占支付给医生的薪酬总额的 4.4%，人均每年 4100 欧元。几乎所有的专业医学协会（99%）的董事会中都至少有一名与行业有财务关系的 KOL，但协会之间的金额差异很大。
结论
法国 KOL 与行业之间的财务关系广泛。KOL 比非 KOL 从业者有更多的财务联系。
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