Nehring Ryan
Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge Free School Lane, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom CB2 3RH.
Polit Geogr. 2022 Jan 10;95:102574. doi: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102574. eCollection 2022 May.
This article analyzes the critical geopolitics of knowledge production in Brazil during the 20 century. It offers a critical appraisal of recent calls to decolonize political geography by locating the role played by actors and institutions in the Global South within the broader narrative of the Green Revolution. Historical accounts of the Green Revolution have only recently started to incorporate perspectives of and attribute agency to actors in the Global South. However, Brazil has largely been left out of the geographical scope of the Green Revolution. This article focuses on U.S.-Brazilian geopolitical relations behind an effort to reproduce the U.S. model of higher education, rural extension and agricultural research in Brazil. I argue that the confluence of Brazil's geopolitical importance with opportunities for foreign investment in its agricultural sector brought together U.S. and Brazilian experts and expertise to modernize Brazilian agriculture. The case of transnational soybean research illustrates the importance of this relationship in transforming Brazil's agricultural sector and limiting alternatives. This article offers an account of how the geopolitics of knowledge production shape the long-term institutional legacies of national research institutions.
本文分析了20世纪巴西知识生产的批判性地缘政治学。通过在绿色革命的更广泛叙事中定位全球南方行为体和机构所发挥的作用，它对近期去殖民化政治地理学的呼声进行了批判性评估。绿色革命的历史叙述直到最近才开始纳入全球南方行为体的观点并赋予其能动性。然而，巴西在很大程度上被排除在绿色革命的地理范围之外。本文聚焦于美国和巴西在地缘政治关系背后，试图在巴西复制美国高等教育、农村推广和农业研究模式的努力。我认为，巴西地缘政治重要性与外国对其农业部门投资机会的结合，汇聚了美国和巴西的专家及专业知识，以使巴西农业现代化。跨国大豆研究的案例说明了这种关系在改变巴西农业部门和限制其他选择方面的重要性。本文阐述了知识生产的地缘政治学如何塑造国家研究机构的长期制度遗产。
