Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2022;274:29-56. doi: 10.1007/164_2021_579.
The modern way of life has dramatically affected our biological rhythms. Circadian rhythms, which are generated by an endogenous circadian clock, are observed in a large number of physiological functions including metabolism. Proper peripheral clock synchronization by different signals including appropriate feeding/fasting cycles is essential to coordinate and temporally gate metabolic processes. In this chapter, we emphasize the importance of nutrient sensing by peripheral clocks and highlight the major role of peripheral and central clock communication to locally regulate metabolic processes and ensure optimal energy storage and expenditure. As a consequence, changes in eating behavior and/or bedtime, as occurs upon shift work and jet lag, have direct consequences on metabolism and participate in the increasing prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this setting, time-restricted feeding has been suggested as an efficient approach to ameliorate metabolic parameters and control body weight.
现代生活方式极大地影响了我们的生物节律。内源性生物钟产生的昼夜节律在包括代谢在内的大量生理功能中都有体现。不同信号（包括适当的进食/禁食周期）对周围时钟的正确同步对于协调和定时代谢过程至关重要。在本章中，我们强调了外周时钟对营养感知的重要性，并突出了外周和中枢时钟通讯的主要作用，以局部调节代谢过程并确保最佳的能量储存和消耗。因此，饮食行为和/或就寝时间的变化（如轮班工作和时差变化时发生的情况）会直接影响新陈代谢，并参与肥胖症及相关代谢疾病（如 2 型糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病）的发病率上升。在这种情况下，限时进食已被建议作为改善代谢参数和控制体重的有效方法。
